Publicado dic 30, 2021



PLUMX
Almetrics
 
Dimensions
 

Google Scholar
 
Search GoogleScholar


Jennifer Finke

Fabian Osorio-Tinoco

Fernando Pereira Laverde

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##

Resumen

Este artículo explora diferentes dimensiones del empoderamiento de las mujeres, que pueden desarrollarse durante el proceso emprendedor. Se evidencian cambios en las dimensiones conforme las mujeres avanzan en el desarrollo de sus emprendimientos, diferenciando características según el contexto (urbano o rural). Adicionalmente, muestra cuáles factores de empoderamiento son claves para la reducción de la pobreza. Se desarrolla un análisis de correspondencia múltiples y un modelo probit ordenado, con datos del Monitor Global de Emprendimiento (GEM por sus siglas en inglés) para Colombia. Los resultados permiten identificar las necesidades y los recursos disponibles para fortalecer el empoderamiento de las mujeres por medio del emprendimiento, mientras que la relación encontrada entre factores de empoderamiento económicos y los ingresos familiares aporta evidencia sobre la importancia del empoderamiento para la reducción de la pobreza.

Keywords

Empowerment, female, entrepreneurship, GEM, povertyEmpoderamento, mulher, empreendedorismo, GEM, pobrezaEmpoderamiento, mujeres, emprendimiento, GEM, pobreza

References
Acosta, B., Zambrano, S., & Suárez, M. (2017). Emprendimiento femenino y ruralidad en Boyacá, Colombia. Criterio Libre, 15(26), 216-236. https://doi.org/10.18041/1900-0642/criteriolibre.2017v15n26.1048

Ahl, H. (2006). Why research on women entrepreneurs needs new directions. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 30(5), 595-621. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2006.00138.x

Alario, M., & Morales, E. (2016). Iniciativas de las mujeres: emprendimiento y oportunidades en el espacio rural de Castilla y León. Documents d’Anàlisi Geogràfica, 62(3), 613-637. http://dx.doi.org/10.5565/rev/dag.369

Al-Dajani, H., & Marlow, S. (2013). Empowerment and entrepreneurship: A theoretical framework. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior and Research, 19(5), 503-524. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-10-2011-0138

Alkire, S., Meinzen-Dick, R., Peterman, A., Quisumbing, A., Seymour, G., & Vaz, A. (2013). The women’s empowerment in agriculture index. World Development, 52, 71-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2013.06.007

Amorós, J., & Cristi, O. (2011). Poverty and entrepreneurship in developing countries. En: M. Minniti (Ed.), The Dynamics of Entrepreneurship: Evidence from Global Entrepreneurship Monitor Data (pp. 209-230). Oxford: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199580866.001.0001

Batliwala, S. (1997). El significado del empoderamiento de las mujeres: nuevos conceptos desde la acción. En M. León (Ed.), Poder y empoderamiento de las mujeres (pp. 187-211). Bogotá: Tercer Mundo.

Buendía, I. & Carrasco, I. (2013). Mujer, actividad emprendedora y desarrollo rural en América Latina y el Caribe. Cuadernos de Desarrollo Rural, 10(72) 21-45. https://doi.org/10.11144/Javeriana.cdr10-72.maed

Cameron, C., & Trivedi, P. (2005). Microeconometrics: Methods and applications. New York: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511811241

Castiblanco, S. (2013). La construcción de la categoría de emprendimiento femenino. Revista Facultad de Ciencias Económicas, 21(2), 53-66. https://doi.org/10.18359/rfce.656

Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe - CEPAL (2018). La ineficiencia de la desigualdad. Santiago de Chile: Naciones Unidas. http://hdl.handle.net/11520/23424

Deedam, N. J., & Onoja, A. O. (2015). Impact of Poverty Alleviation Programmes on Indigenous Women’s Economic Empowerment in Nigeria Evidence from Port harcourt Metropolis. Consilience, 14(2), 90-105. https://doi.org/10.7916/consilience.v0i14.4682

De Mel, S., McKenzie, D., & Woodruff, C. (2014). Business training and female enterprise start-up, growth, and dynamics: experimental evidence from Sri Lanka. J. Journal of Development Economics, 106, 199-210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2013.09.005

Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística - DANE (2019a). Boletín Técnico. Pobreza Monetaria en Colombia Año 2018. Recuperado el 16 de agosto de 2019, de https://www.dane.gov.co/files/investigaciones/condiciones_vida/pobreza/2018/bt_pobreza_monetaria_18.pdf

Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística DANE (2019b). Boletín Técnico. Pobreza Multidimensional en Colombia Año 2018. Recuperado el 16 de agosto de 2019, de https://www.dane.gov.co/files/investigaciones/condiciones_vida/pobreza/2018/bt_pobreza_multidimensional_18.pdf

Diener, E., & Biswas, R. (2005). Psychological Empowerment and Subjective Well-Being. En D. Narayan (Ed.), Measuring Empowerment. Cross- Disciplinary Perspectives (pp. 125-140). Washington D.C.: The World Bank. http://hdl.handle.net/10986/7441

Digan, S., Sahi, G., Mantok, S., & Patel, P. (2019). Women’s perceived empowerment in entrepreneurial efforts: The role of bricolage and psychological capital. Journal of Small Business Management, 57(1), 206-229. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsbm.12402

Elam, A. B., Brush, C. G., Greene, P. G., Baumer, B., Dean, M. & Heavlow, R. (2019). Global Entrepreneurship Monitor 2018/2019. Women’s Entrepreneurship Report. London: Global Entrepreneurship Research Association, London Business School.

Figueroa-Armijos, M., & Johnson, T. (2013). Entrepreneurship in Rural America Across Typologies, Gender and Motivation. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 18(2), 1-37. https://doi.org/10.1142/S1084946713500143

Fletschner, D., & Mesbah, D. (2011). Gender disparity in access to information: Do spouses share what they know? World Development, 39(8), 1422-1433. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2010.12.014

Fröcklin, S., Jiddawi, N., & de la Torre-Castro, M. (2018). Small-scale innovations in coastal communities: Shell-handicraft as a way to empower women and decrease poverty. Ecology and Society, 23(2). https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-10136-230234

Global Training & Development Institute (2019). Empowering Women through Social Entrepreneurship: Fellowship Exchange with U.S.-Costa Rica; Economic Empowerment Program- Costa Rica, Columbia, Peru and Panama. Recuperado el 11 de agosto de 2019 de https://gtdi.uconn.edu/about/

Huis, M., Hansen, N., Otten, S., & Lensink, R. (2017). A three-dimensional model of women’s empowerment: Implications in the field of microfinance and future directions. Frontiers in Psychology, 8(1678). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01678

Huis, M., Lensink, R., Vu, N., & Hansen, N. (2019). Impacts of the Gender and Entrepreneurship Together Ahead (GET Ahead) training on empowerment of female microfinance borrowers in Northern Vietnam. World Development, 120, 46-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2019.04.001

International Labour Organization (2019). Empower: Building peace through the economic empowerment of women in Northern Sri Lanka. https://www.ilo.org/colombo/whatwedo/projects/WCMS_614448/lang--en/index.html.

Jaka, H., & Shava, E. (2018). Resilient rural women’s livelihoods for poverty alleviation and economic empowerment in semi-arid regions of Zimbabwe. Jamba-Journal of Disaster Risk Studies 10(1), 524. https://doi.org/10.4102/jamba.v10i1.524

Kabeer, N. (1999). Resources, agency, achievements: Reflections on the measurement of women’s empowerment. Development and Change, 30(3), 435-464. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-7660.00125

Khan, M. A., Kanwal, N., Nabi, P. G., & Shah, A. A. (2016). Empowering women entrepreneurs through microcredit: Assessing the role of Sarhad Rural Support Program in Pakistan. Journal of Entrepreneurship Management and Innovation, 12(1), 91-112. https://doi.org/10.7341/20161215

Korosteva, J., & Stępień-Baig, P. (2020). Climbing the poverty ladder: The role of entrepreneurship and gender in alleviating poverty in transition economies. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 32(1-2), 197-220. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985626.2019.1640482

Lafuente, E., Vaillant, Y., & Rialp, J. (2007). Regional differences in the influence of role models: Comparing the entrepreneurial process of rural Catalonia. Regional Studies, 41(6), 779-795. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343400601120247

Longwe, S. (1991). Gender Awareness: The Missing Element in the Third World Development Project. En T. Wallace, & C. March (Eds.), Changing Perceptions: Writings on Gender and Development (pp. 149-157). Oxford: OXFAM.

Longwe, S., & Clarke, R. (1997). El marco conceptual de igualdad y empoderamiento de las mujeres. En M. León (Ed.), Poder y empoderamiento de las mujeres. (pp. 173-186). Bogotá: Tercer Mundo.

Malapit, H., Quisumbing, A., Meinzen-Dick, R., Seymour, G., Martinez, E., Heckert, J., Rubin, D., Vaz, A. & Yount, K. (2019). Development of the project-level Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index (pro-WEAI). World Development 122, 675-692. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2019.06.018

Malhotra, A., & Schuler, S. (2005). Women’s empowerment as a variable in international development. En D. Narayan (Ed.), Measuring Empowerment. Cross- Disciplinary Perspectives (pp. 71-88). Washington D.C.: The World Bank. http://hdl.handle.net/10986/7441

Mercy Corps (2017). Mujeres rurales del Cauca. Recuperado el 8 de agosto de 2019, de https://mercycorps.org.co/programa/mujeresrurales-del-cauca.

Naciones Unidas (2015). Sustainable Development Goals. Recuperado, de https://www.undp.org/content/undp/es/home/sustainable-development-goals/goal-1-no-poverty.html

Nadim, S., & Nurlukman, A. (2017). The impact of women empowerment on poverty reduction in rural area of Bangladesh: Focusing on village development program. Journal of Government and Civil Society, 1(2), 135-157. http://dx.doi.org/10.31000/jgcs.v1i2.444

Narayan, D. (2002). Empowerment and Poverty Reduction: A Sourcebook. Washington D.C.: World Bank. http://hdl.handle.net/10986/15239

Narayan, D. (2005). Conceptual Framework and Methodological Challenges. En D. Narayan (Ed.), Measuring Empowerment. Cross- Disciplinary Perspectives (pp. 3-38). Washington D.C.: The World Bank. http://hdl.handle.net/10986/7441

Negash, T. (2006). Education in Ethiopia: From crisis to the brink of collapse. Stockholm: Nordiska Afrikainstitutet.

Orozco, L., & Baldrich, V. (2020). Gender, violence and social resources in rural producers’ economic decisions. Journal of Rural Studies, 80, 222-234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2020.09.011

Ortiz, P. (2017). El discurso sobre el emprendimiento de la mujer desde una perspectiva de género. Vivat Academia, 140, 115-129. https://doi.org/10.15178/va.2017.140.115-129

Rogan M. (2017). Food poverty, hunger and household production in rural Eastern Cape households. Development Southern Africa 35(1), 90-104. https://doi.org/10.1080/0376835X.2017.1358602

Rowlands, J. (1995). Empowerment examined. Development in Practice,5(2), 101-107. https://doi.org/10.1080/0961452951000157074

Rowlands, J. (1997). Questioning empowerment: Working with women in Honduras. Oxford: Oxfam.

Saavedra, M., & Camarena, M. (2015). Retos para el emprendimiento femenino en América Latina. Criterio Libre, 13(22), 129-152. https://doi.org/10.18041/1900-0642/criteriolibre.2015v13n22.129

San Vicente Portes, L., Atal, V., & Juárez, M. (2019). From households to national statistics: Macroeconomic effects of Women's empowerment. Economic Modelling, 79, 286-294. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2019.01.024

Sharaunga, S., & Mudhara, M. (2021). Analysis of Livelihood Strategies for Reducing Poverty among Rural Women's Households: A Case Study of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Journal of International Development, 33(1), 127-150. https://doi.org/10.1002/jid.3516

Stromquist, N. (1997). La búsqueda del empoderamiento: En qué puede contribuir el campo de la educación. En M. León (Ed.), Poder y empoderamiento de las mujeres (pp. 173-186). Bogotá: Tercer Mundo.

Sutter, C., Bruton, G., & Chen, J. (2019). Entrepreneurship as a solution to extreme poverty: A review and future research directions. Journal of Business Venturing, 34(1), 197-214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2018.06.003

Tahir, W., Kauser, R., Bury, M., & Bhatti, J. (2018). ‘Individually-led’ or ‘female-male partnership’ models for entrepreneurship with the BISP support: The story of women’s financial and social empowerment from Pakistan. Women’s Studies International Forum 68, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wsif.2018.01.011

Uphoff, N. (2005). Analytical issues in measuring empowerment at the community and local levels. En D. Narayan (Ed.), Measuring empowerment. cross-disciplinary perspectives (pp. 219-246). Washington D.C.: The World Bank. http://hdl.handle.net/10986/7441

Warren, L. (2004). Negotiating entrepreneurial identity: Communities of practice and changing discourses. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation 5(1), 25-35. https://doi.org/10.5367/000000004772913764

Wooldridge, J. (2011). Econometric Analysis of Cross Section and Panel Data, 2nd ed. Cambridge MA: The MIT Press.

World Economic Forum. (2020). Global Gender Gap Report 2020. Ginebra: World Economic Forum.

Van der Zwan, P., Verheul, I., & Thurik, A. R. (2012). The entrepreneurial ladder, gender, and regional development. Small Business Economics, 39(3), 627-643. https://doi:10.1007/s11187-011-9334-7

Van Dinther, M., Dochy, F., & Segers, M. (2011). Factors affecting students’ self-efficacy in higher education. Educational Research Review, 6(2), 95-108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2010.10.003
Cómo citar
Finke, J., Osorio-Tinoco, F., & Pereira Laverde, F. (2021). Empoderamiento femenino, emprendimiento y pobreza. El caso colombiano. Cuadernos De Administración, 34. https://doi.org/10.11144/Javeriana.cao34.efepcc
Sección
Edición regular