Dinámica de la adopción de las tecnologías de la información y de la comunicación en la agricultura pakistaní: implicaciones para el desarrollo rural
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dic 30, 2024
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Los sistemas económicos agrícolas tradicionales, principalmente en los países en desarrollo, se enfrentan a diversos retos, como la reducción de las tierras cultivadas, la disminución de la productividad de los cultivos, el descenso del nivel de las aguas subterráneas, los cambios en los patrones de las plagas y de las enfermedades y la variabilidad climática general. Adaptarse a estas modificaciones exige tener en cuenta distintos factores, entre ellos las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC). Sin embargo, estos factores y sus repercusiones siguen sin aprovecharse para la agricultura inteligente. La muestra representativa de 300 agricultores se eligió mediante una técnica de muestreo aleatorio simple en pueblos de Lahore y Multan (Pakistán). Se utilizó el método de regresión logit multinomial para identificar los factores determinantes de la adopción de las TIC en la agricultura. Los resultados de la investigación pusieron de relieve que el nivel educativo de los agricultores, la asociación de agricultores, la compatibilidad de la innovación, la ventaja relativa de la tecnología, la observabilidad de la innovación tecnológica, el acceso a los servicios de extensión agrícola, las iniciativas de creación de capacidad y el acceso a las herramientas de IA promovían de forma significativa la inclusión digital de los agricultores en la agricultura. Por supuesto, la puesta en marcha de campañas de sensibilización y de programas de desarrollo de capacidades con la colaboración de los departamentos de extensión agraria y servicios de asesoramiento puede ser muy eficaz para fomentar la sensibilización entre los pequeños propietarios acerca de la importancia de las TIC en la agricultura. El acceso a los servicios de extensión agraria es crucial para que la comunidad agrícola pueda tomar decisiones informadas sobre los cultivos, descubrir nuevas oportunidades de mercado y adoptar nuevas tecnologías de la información y la comunicación. Además, el estudio sugiere que los funcionarios públicos, los responsables políticos, los agricultores y las organizaciones agrarias deberían hacer hincapié en estos atributos, al tiempo que abogan por prácticas agrícolas digitales sostenibles que promuevan el bienestar de los pequeños propietarios y del desarrollo rural.
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References
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Chikuni, T. & Kilima, F. T. M. (2019). Smallholder Farmers’ Market Participation and Mobile Phone-Based Market Information Services in Lilongwe, Malawi. The Electronic Journal of Information Systems in Developing Countries, 85(6), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1002/isd2.12097
Chowhan, S. & Ghosh, S. R. (2020). Role of ICT on Agriculture and Its Future Scope in Bangladesh. Journal of Scientific Research and Reports, 26, 20-35. https://doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2020/v26i530257
Dhehibi, B., Dhraief, M. Z., Frija, A., Ouerghemmi, H., Rischkowsky, B. & Ruediger, U. (2023). A Contextual ICT Model to Explain Adoption of Mobile Applications in Developing Countries: A Case Study of Tunisia. PLoS ONE, 18(10). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0287219
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Aslam, M., Zhiwen, L., Alwahibi, M. S., Elshikh, M. S., Wajahat Mashkoor, S., Aqib, M. A. B., & Ahmad, S. (2024). Dinámica de la adopción de las tecnologías de la información y de la comunicación en la agricultura pakistaní: implicaciones para el desarrollo rural. Cuadernos De Desarrollo Rural, 21. https://doi.org/10.11144/Javeriana.cdr21.dict
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