Palabras clave
ideología
institución social
conocimiento
ciencias sociales
teoría
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Resumen
En este artículo proponemos una reorientación sustantiva del estudio del deporte dentro del campo de las ciencias sociales. Sostenemos que aquello que se denomina deporte opera, en realidad, como una máscara ideológica: una ficción reificada que oculta las relaciones de poder, los mecanismos de regulación y las condiciones institucionales que estructuran las prácticas lúdicas contemporáneas. El problema central no radica en la ausencia de investigaciones, sino en que la gran mayoría se ha enfocado en los efectos del deporte y en sus implicancias sociales, económicas, identitarias o políticas, sin abordar lo que el deporte es en sí mismo ni cómo se constituye.
Argumentamos que la investigación contemporánea, incluso aquella crítica, tiende a reproducir el gran mito del deporte, clasificando casos sin producir conceptos analíticos transferibles ni cuestionar la ideología que legitima al sistema deportivo. Esto ha generado un “coleccionismo” descriptivo que poco contribuye a comprender el fenómeno.
Concluimos que avanzar en los estudios del deporte requiere analizar empíricamente el sistema deportivo como institución social, al examinar cómo este organiza, regula y normaliza el juego en la modernidad, para así abandonar la aceptación acrítica de la máscara que el propio deporte proyecta.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Thomas F. Carter, Rafael Bruno Mogni