Palabras clave
diplomacia deportiva
poder blando
España
fragmentación institucional
Cómo citar
Resumen
Este artículo introduce la “diplomacia deportiva latente” como una categoría distintiva para el análisis de diplomacia deportiva, aplicada a contextos donde capital deportivo sustancial existe, pero sin acción institucionalizada para su uso estratégico. La literatura actual sobre diplomacia deportiva funciona en una lógica binaria: los países o poseen recursos deportivos y los utilizan para objetivos diplomáticos, o no los poseen. Los marcos de trabajo actuales presuponen un despliegue de recursos activo, haciendo que este patrón quede desatendido. Sin embargo, España representa un patrón diferente: posicionada consistentemente en el top 10 de potencias deportivas internacionales, reconocida globalmente por sus logros deportivos, atletas de élite y red de infraestructura deportiva de alto nivel, pero treinta y tres años después de acoger los Juegos Olímpicos (Barcelona 1992) todavía no ha desarrollado una estrategia nacional oficial para aprovechar todo este capital con objetivos de diplomacia deportiva. ¿Por qué? El análisis documental combinado con entrevistas conducidas con expertos demuestra varios elementos que definen este patrón latente: capital deportivo con amplio alcance comparable al de naciones que trabajan activamente en diplomacia deportiva, prácticas con potencial diplomático lideradas por actores estatales y no estatales, capacidad demostrada para coordinación temporal y esfuerzos de diplomacia deportiva y ausencia de mecanismos de coordinación entre instituciones. Los hallazgos tienen implicaciones directas para el papel de España como coanfitrión del Mundial FIFA 2030, enfatizando la necesidad de planificación estratégica en diplomacia deportiva y mecanismos de coordinación entre ministerios. Además, el concepto permite identificar patrones latentes similares en varias naciones que exhiben características comparables.
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