Palabras clave
relaciones padres-hijos
desarrollo emocional
desarrollo psicosocial
desarrollo infantil
Cómo citar
Resumen
El objetivo es sintetizar la evidencia científica reciente sobre la relación entre el apego parental y el desarrollo emocional, social y psicológico en niños y adolescentes, considerando diferencias según etapa del desarrollo, figura parental y contexto familiar. Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura siguiendo las recomendaciones de la declaración PRISMA 2020. Se incluyeron estudios empíricos publicados entre 2014 y 2024, de enfoque cuantitativo, cualitativo u observacional, que evaluaran la asociación entre el apego parental y desarrollo emocional en población infantil y adolescente. La búsqueda se efectuó en bases de datos internacionales especializadas, utilizando términos controlados y combinados mediante operadores booleanos. La evidencia sintetizada mostró que la seguridad del apego parental se asocia consistentemente con mejores niveles de regulación emocional, bienestar psicológico, competencia social y ajuste psicosocial, mientras que la inseguridad del apego se vinculó con mayor riesgo de problemas internalizantes y externalizantes. Asimismo, se identificaron variaciones relevantes según la etapa del desarrollo, la figura parental evaluada y el enfoque de medición utilizado. Los hallazgos confirman el papel central del apego parental en el desarrollo socioemocional y resaltan su carácter dinámico y contextualizado, aportando implicancias teóricas, metodológicas y aplicadas para la investigación y las intervenciones familiares.
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Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
Derechos de autor 2026 Jessica Natalí Gallardo-Ramírez, Jessica Melissa Velásquez-Yupanqui, Zolange Trujillo-Delgado , Valerie Montes-Meza , Julissa Ponte-Poma , Gabriela Córdova-Pérez