Resumen
La implementación de nuevas metodologías de enseñanza de las matemáticas, como el método ABN (Algoritmo Basado en Números) ha mostrado efectos positivos en el desarrollo de competencias matemáticas desde la Educación Infantil. Variables cognitivas generales como la memoria de trabajo y la inteligencia fluida, junto con habilidades específicas como la comparación de magnitudes, se consideran predictores claves del rendimiento matemático. La metodología de enseñanza podría influir en la contribución relativa de estas variables al rendimiento matemático. Se realizó un estudio comparativo con 107 participantes de Educación Infantil, divididos en un grupo ABN (n = 43) y un grupo no ABN (n = 64). Se evaluó el rendimiento matemático general y sus precursores cognitivos avalados por la literatura. Se aplicaron pruebas U de Mann-Whitney, correlaciones bivariadas y regresiones lineales. No se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los grupos. Sin embargo, los análisis de regresión mostraron diferencias en las variables más asociadas al rendimiento matemático según la metodología de enseñanza, destacando un mayor peso de la inteligencia fluida en el grupo no-ABN. Estos resultados sugieren que la metodología de enseñanza puede estar asociada a diferentes patrones de relación entre los factores cognitivos y el aprendizaje matemático temprano.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Lydia Mateo-Ramos, Santiago José Reguera-Lozano, Dra. Maria del Carmen Canto-López, Dra. Malena Manchado-Porras, Dr. Carlos Mera-Cantillo, Dra. Estíbaliz Aragón-Mendizábal

