This article presents a reflection on the relationship between heritage, memory and the educational aspect of museums. For this purpose, it analyzes the development of a museological project carried out between 2006 and 2010 in a school with low-income students, aged between 4 and 6 years old, located near the Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology at the University of São Paulo. This project was inspired by the principles of social inclusion and a participatory methodology was used. It counted on the development of different strategies including specific workshops conducted in the school and in the Museum. These strategies generated positive results that led the children to appreciate their local heritage. They also demonstrated that inclusive education projects reinforce ties between museums and poor communities as well as improve self-esteem issues and promote notions of belonging.