Estigma público en salud mental en la universidad
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El estigma público en salud mental dificulta la recuperación de las personas con trastornos mentales graves. En este trabajo se exploró el estigma público en 678 estudiantes de la Universidad de Sevilla (76.8 % mujeres) de las facultades de psicología (44.54 %), comunicación (21.53 %), educación (21.97 %) y de facultades técnicas (11.95 %) en dos momentos: curso 2014-2015 y 2020-2021. Para ello, se empleó la adaptación al español del cuestionario atribucional (AQ27) en su versión abreviada (AQ14), con validez convergente y fiabilidad adecuadas, la escala de niveles de familiaridad (LOF) y un cuestionario sociodemográfico. El estigma público estuvo presente, con diferencias significativas según la facultad (p = 0.003): mayor en las facultades técnicas (M = 3.81; DE = 1.18) y de educación (M = 3.4; DE = 1.15). En el curso 2020-2021 descendió en la facultad de educación (p < 0.001); en psicología y comunicación se mantuvo estable (p = 0.912 y p = 0.331). Se discutió el descenso de los niveles elevados de estigma en 2019-2020 respecto a 2014-2015, debido a las intervenciones contra el estigma de los últimos años y se propuso desarrollar otras sensibles a niveles más bajos de estigma.
Public stigma, Mental health, Students, College, UniversityEstigma público, Salud mental, Estudiantes, Universidad
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