Resumo
Introducción: La enfermedad por anticuerpos antiMOG (MOGAD) tiene una presentación clínica variable, siendo más frecuente el fenotipo ADEM (encefalomielitis aguda diseminada) en los pacientes pediátricos más pequeños, y en pacientes mayores la neuritis óptica y la mielitis transversa. El fenotipo NMOSD-like incluye pacientes con episodios de neuritis óptica y/o mielitis transversa con o sin síndromes de tallo. Presentación del caso: Paciente masculino de 11 años quien presenta cuadro de neuritis óptica, seguido de dos síndromes de tallo con compromiso cerebeloso, con resultado de anticuerpos (Ac) antiacuaporina 4 (AQP4) en suero y bandas oligoclonales en líquido cefalorraquídeo negativos, y anticuerpos antiMOG positivos. Recibió manejo en la etapa aguda con corticoesteroide endovenoso con adecuada respuesta. Conclusiones: Se debe sospechar MOGAD en pacientes pediátricos con síndromes desmielinizantes y solicitar anticuerpos antiMOG, especialmente en pacientes con Ac antiAQP4 y bandas oligoclonales negativos. El diagnóstico temprano y tratamiento modificador de la enfermedad es de gran importancia para prevenir recurrencias, evitar secuelas y mejorar la calidad de vida de estos pacientes.
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