Israel’s origins continue to be a concern for archeologists, biblical scholars and anthropologists. Nowdays, the study of “Ethnogenesis” stands as a new paradigm. Such model, despite having its origin in the archeological world, is confronted with other historical or literary sources – for example, the Bible. Moreover, it takes into account the distinctive features of the Canaanites and the Philistines to assess the original elements of the new identity that “Israel” constitutes in the transition from Early Bronze Age to Iron Age I.