Divisions within the field of theology correspond to the diverse knowledge strands, which once unity within the discipline is guaranteed, allow for and demand specializations. One of them has been the division known as Pastoral Theology, also called–with remarkable conceptual vagueness, Practical Theology, Applied Theology and Theology of Praxis. Human action has been invoked by the Second Vatican Council for the last fifty years such as a central element in the design of the Kingdom of God in history, that human action has become a theological place in which the phenomenon of revelation itself has been ascribed, which constitutes the major principle of theology. This paper aims at seeking motivations and configurations of Theology of Action in light of the Council.