The purpose of this reflexive article is to make a reflection of historical approach to the teaching's practice used to nursing in Colombia since the early thirties of the twentieth century, with some projection for the XXI century. We review those historical legacies of traditional educational models that were characteristic of the twentieth century, where they were transcendental behavioral models, instrumental and rote, to reach a reflective educational practice in the twenty-first century characterized by the participation of actors of the plot education in the teaching and learning process in order to promoting the processes of student analysis and thinking critical and rethinking in the teaching methodologies for technological innovation in education as is the Problem Based Learning (ABP) and Practice Based in the Evidence (PBE). We conclude that the evolution of teaching and learning is a historical process with serious difficulties in relation to the lack of a method suitable for the discipline of nursing, because the current notions of academic freedom and independence will not allow a process of standarization education.