Publicado mar 18, 2020



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Bruno De Conti

Marina Sequetto Pereira

Daniela Magalhães Prates

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Resumen

Actualmente el plan más importante a largo plazo propuesto por China es la “Iniciativa de la Franja y Ruta de la Seda” (BRI), que comprende proyectos en muchos campos diferentes, relacionados tanto con políticas nacionales como internacionales. Esta iniciativa es bastante impresionante en su alcance, diversidad, número de países y los recursos involucrados. Este artículo tiene el objetivo de aportar a esas investigaciones al desarrollar un análisis comparativo entre la Iniciativa de la Franja y Ruta de la Seda y el Plan Marshall implementado por Estados Unidos después de la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Las comparaciones entre países y momentos históricos tan diferentes requieren, obviamente, una extrema precaución – sobre todo porque el Plan Marshall terminó hace más de sesenta años y la Iniciativa de la Franja y Ruta de la Seda aún se encuentra en su fase inicial. No obstante, nuestra hipótesis es que se pueden encontrar similitudes entre las dos iniciativas, especialmente con respecto a algunas de sus motivaciones. Este artículo argumenta que detrás de la retórica de los beneficios internacionales que se derivan de los planes, estos también buscan el manejo de ciertas voluntades nacionales económicas y geopolíticas por parte de los países proponentes. Algo muy importante es que responden a una necesidad histórica inherente a todas las economías de mercado, a saber, la extroversión.

Keywords

Marshall plan, belt and road initiative, international trade, infrastructure, geopolitical power.Plan Marshall, iniciativa de la franja y ruta de la seda, comercio internacional, infraestructura, poder geopolítico.

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Cómo citar
De Conti, B., Sequetto Pereira, M., & Magalhães Prates, D. (2020). Iniciativa Belt and Road: ¿un plan Marshall chino?. Papel Político, 24(2). https://doi.org/10.11144/Javeriana.papo24-2.bric
Sección
Dossier de China, editado por: Bruno De Conti, University of Campinas