Efecto de la Violencia y Esquemas Cognitivos en el Cortisol de Mujeres Violentadas por sus Parejas
Publicado
may 18, 2017
Almetrics
Dimensions
Google Scholar
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##
Resumen
Este estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar el impacto del tipo de violencia de que son víctimas las mujeres por parte de su pareja y sus esquemas cognitivos en el nivel del cortisol. Para ello se aplicó una versión traducida de la Encuesta de Severidad de Violencia en contra de la Mujer, la forma corta del Cuestionario de Esquemas Cognitivos de Young y se extrajeron muestras de cortisol plasmático diurno a 43 mujeres participantes en un programa de intervención. Se estructuró un modelo de regresión el cual confirmó que las amenazas, las agresiones sexuales y esquemas cognitivos como Abandono, Aislamiento social, Apego, Fracaso, Vulnerabilidad al Daño, Subyugación y Estándares Inflexibles, afectaron el nivel del cortisol de esta población.
Keywords
cognitive schemas, cortisol, intimate partner violenceesquemas cognitivos desadaptativos tempranos, cortisol, violencia de pareja
References
Blasco-Ros, C., Herbert, J., & Martinez, M. (2014). Different profiles of mental and physical health and stress hormone response in women victims of intimate partner violence. Journal of Acute Disease, 3(4), 303–313. http://doi.org/10.1016/S2221-6189(14)60066-4
Cacioppo, J., Hawley, L., Crawford, E., Ernst, J., Burleson, M., Kowalewski, R., … Berntson, G. (2002). Loneliness and Health : Potential Mechanisms. Psychosomatic Medicine, 64(8), 407–417.
Calvete, E., & Estévez, A. (2007). Trastorno por estrés postraumático y su relación con esquemas cognitivos disfuncionales en mujeres maltratadas. Psicothema, 19(3), 446–451.
Calvete, E., Estévez, A., & Corral, S. (2007). Intimate partner violence and depressive symptoms in women: cognitive schemas as moderators and mediators. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 45(4), 791–804. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2006.07.006
Cámara, M., & Calvete, E. (2010). El papel de los esquemas disfuncionales tempranos y el afrontamiento en el desarrollo de síntomas de ansiedad y depresión1. Behavioral Psychology/ Psicologia Conductual, 18(3), 491–509.
Dunkley, D. M., Zuroff, D. C., & Blankstein, K. R. (2003). Self-critical perfectionism and daily affect: Dispositional and situational influences on stress and coping. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84, 234–252. http://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.84.1.234
Heise, L., & García-Moreno, C. (2002). World report on violence and health.
Inslicht, S. S., Marmar, C. R., Neylan, T. C., Metzler, T. J., Hart, S. L., Otte, C., … Baum, A. (2006). Increased cortisol in women with intimate partner violence-related posttraumatic stress disorder. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 31(7), 825–38. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2006.03.007
Janoff-Bulman, R. (2004). Posttraumatic Growth: Three Explanatory Models.
Kim, H., Tiberio, S., Capaldy, D., Wu Shortt, J., Squires, E., & Snodgrass, J. (2015). Intimater partner violence and diurnal cortisol patterns in couples. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 51, 35–46.
Londoño, N., Schnitter, M., Marín, C., Calvete, E., Ferrer, A., Maestre, K., … Castrillón, D. (2012). Young Schema Questionnaire-Short Form : validación en Colombia. Universitas Psychologica, 11(1), 147–164.
Lovallo, W. R., & Thomas, T. L. (2000). Stress hormones in psychophysiological research. In J. T. Cacioppo, L. G. Tassinary, & G. G. Berntson (Eds.), Handbook of psychophysiology (pp. 342–367). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Lupien, S. J., McEwen, B. S., Gunnar, M. R., & Heim, C. (2009). Effects of stress throughout the lifespan on the brain, behaviour and cognition. Nature Reviews. Neuroscience, 10(6), 434–45. http://doi.org/10.1038/nrn2639
Miller, G. E., Chen, E., & Zhou, E. S. (2007). If it goes up, must it come down? Chronic stress and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis in humans. Psychological Bulletin, 133(1), 25–45. http://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.133.1.25
Pico-Alfonso, M. a, Garcia-Linares, M. I., Celda-Navarro, N., Herbert, J., & Martinez, M. (2004). Changes in cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone in women victims of physical and psychological intimate partner violence. Biological Psychiatry, 56(4), 233–40. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.06.001
Pruessner, J. C., Baldwin, M. W., Dedovic, K., Renwick, R., Mahani, N. K., Lord, C., … Lupien, S. (2005). Self-esteem, locus of control, hippocampal volume, and cortisol regulation in young and old adulthood. NeuroImage, 28(4), 815–26. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.06.014
Pruessner, J. C., Hellhammer, D. H., & Kirschbaum, C. (1999). Burnout, Perceived Stress, and Cortisol Responses to Awakening. Psychosomatic Medicine, 61(2), 197–204.
Richardson, C. M. E., Rice, K. G., & Devine, D. P. (2014). Perfectionism, emotion regulation, and the cortisol stress response. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 61(1), 110–118. http://doi.org/10.1037/a0034446
Sapolsky, R. M., Alberts, S. C., & Altmann, J. (1997). Hypercortisolism associated with social subordinance or social isolation among wild baboons. Archives of General Psychiatry, 54(12), 1137–1143.
Sapolsky, R., Romero, M., & Munck, A. U. (2000). How Do Glucocorticoids Influence Stress Responses ? Integrating Permissive, Suppressive, Stimulaory, and Prepatative Actions. Endocrine Rewiews, 21(1), 55–89.
Seedat, S., Stein, M. B., Kennedy, C. M., & Hauger, R. L. (2003). Plasma cortisol and neuropeptide Y in female victims of intimate partner violence. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 28(6), 796–808. http://doi.org/10.1016/S0306-4530(02)00086-0
Seeman, T. E., & McEwen, B. S. (1996). Impact of Social Environment Characteristics on Neuroendocrine Regulation. Psychosomatic Medicine, 58(5), 459–471. http://doi.org/10.1097/00006842-199609000-00008
Söchhting, I., Fairbrother, N., & Koch, W. J. (2004). Sexual Assault of Women: Prevention Efforts and Risk Factors. Violence Against Women, 10(1), 73–93. http://doi.org/10.1177/1077801203255680
Staffor, M., Gardner, M., Kumari, M., Kuh, D., & Ben-Shlomo, L. (2013). Social isolation and diurnal cortisol patterns in ageing cohort. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 38, 2737–2745.
WHO. (2005). Estudio multipaís de la OMS sobre salud de la mujer y violencia doméstica.
Wirtz, P. H., Elsenbruch, S., Emini, L., Rüdisüli, K., Groessbauer, S., & Ehlert, U. (2007). Perfectionism and the Cortisol Response to Psychosocial Stress in Men. Psychosomatic Medicine, 69(3), 249–255. http://doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0b013e318042589e
Yehuda, R. (2005). Handbook of Stress and the Brain - Part 2: Stress: Integrative and Clinical Aspects. Techniques in the Behavioral and Neural Sciences (Vol. 15). Elsevier. http://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-0709(05)80058-6
Young, J. E. & First, M. (1996). Schema mode listing. New York: Cognitive Therapy Center
Young, J. E. & Klosko, J. (2001). Reinventa tu vida. Barcelona: Paidós.
Young, J. E. (1999). Cognitive therapy for personality disorders: A schema focused approach (3a ed.). Sarasota, FL: Professional Resource Press.
Young, J. E., Klosko, J. S. & Weishaar, M. E. (2003). Schema therapy: A practitioner’s guide. New York: Guilford Press.
Cacioppo, J., Hawley, L., Crawford, E., Ernst, J., Burleson, M., Kowalewski, R., … Berntson, G. (2002). Loneliness and Health : Potential Mechanisms. Psychosomatic Medicine, 64(8), 407–417.
Calvete, E., & Estévez, A. (2007). Trastorno por estrés postraumático y su relación con esquemas cognitivos disfuncionales en mujeres maltratadas. Psicothema, 19(3), 446–451.
Calvete, E., Estévez, A., & Corral, S. (2007). Intimate partner violence and depressive symptoms in women: cognitive schemas as moderators and mediators. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 45(4), 791–804. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2006.07.006
Cámara, M., & Calvete, E. (2010). El papel de los esquemas disfuncionales tempranos y el afrontamiento en el desarrollo de síntomas de ansiedad y depresión1. Behavioral Psychology/ Psicologia Conductual, 18(3), 491–509.
Dunkley, D. M., Zuroff, D. C., & Blankstein, K. R. (2003). Self-critical perfectionism and daily affect: Dispositional and situational influences on stress and coping. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84, 234–252. http://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.84.1.234
Heise, L., & García-Moreno, C. (2002). World report on violence and health.
Inslicht, S. S., Marmar, C. R., Neylan, T. C., Metzler, T. J., Hart, S. L., Otte, C., … Baum, A. (2006). Increased cortisol in women with intimate partner violence-related posttraumatic stress disorder. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 31(7), 825–38. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2006.03.007
Janoff-Bulman, R. (2004). Posttraumatic Growth: Three Explanatory Models.
Kim, H., Tiberio, S., Capaldy, D., Wu Shortt, J., Squires, E., & Snodgrass, J. (2015). Intimater partner violence and diurnal cortisol patterns in couples. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 51, 35–46.
Londoño, N., Schnitter, M., Marín, C., Calvete, E., Ferrer, A., Maestre, K., … Castrillón, D. (2012). Young Schema Questionnaire-Short Form : validación en Colombia. Universitas Psychologica, 11(1), 147–164.
Lovallo, W. R., & Thomas, T. L. (2000). Stress hormones in psychophysiological research. In J. T. Cacioppo, L. G. Tassinary, & G. G. Berntson (Eds.), Handbook of psychophysiology (pp. 342–367). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Lupien, S. J., McEwen, B. S., Gunnar, M. R., & Heim, C. (2009). Effects of stress throughout the lifespan on the brain, behaviour and cognition. Nature Reviews. Neuroscience, 10(6), 434–45. http://doi.org/10.1038/nrn2639
Miller, G. E., Chen, E., & Zhou, E. S. (2007). If it goes up, must it come down? Chronic stress and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis in humans. Psychological Bulletin, 133(1), 25–45. http://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.133.1.25
Pico-Alfonso, M. a, Garcia-Linares, M. I., Celda-Navarro, N., Herbert, J., & Martinez, M. (2004). Changes in cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone in women victims of physical and psychological intimate partner violence. Biological Psychiatry, 56(4), 233–40. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.06.001
Pruessner, J. C., Baldwin, M. W., Dedovic, K., Renwick, R., Mahani, N. K., Lord, C., … Lupien, S. (2005). Self-esteem, locus of control, hippocampal volume, and cortisol regulation in young and old adulthood. NeuroImage, 28(4), 815–26. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.06.014
Pruessner, J. C., Hellhammer, D. H., & Kirschbaum, C. (1999). Burnout, Perceived Stress, and Cortisol Responses to Awakening. Psychosomatic Medicine, 61(2), 197–204.
Richardson, C. M. E., Rice, K. G., & Devine, D. P. (2014). Perfectionism, emotion regulation, and the cortisol stress response. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 61(1), 110–118. http://doi.org/10.1037/a0034446
Sapolsky, R. M., Alberts, S. C., & Altmann, J. (1997). Hypercortisolism associated with social subordinance or social isolation among wild baboons. Archives of General Psychiatry, 54(12), 1137–1143.
Sapolsky, R., Romero, M., & Munck, A. U. (2000). How Do Glucocorticoids Influence Stress Responses ? Integrating Permissive, Suppressive, Stimulaory, and Prepatative Actions. Endocrine Rewiews, 21(1), 55–89.
Seedat, S., Stein, M. B., Kennedy, C. M., & Hauger, R. L. (2003). Plasma cortisol and neuropeptide Y in female victims of intimate partner violence. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 28(6), 796–808. http://doi.org/10.1016/S0306-4530(02)00086-0
Seeman, T. E., & McEwen, B. S. (1996). Impact of Social Environment Characteristics on Neuroendocrine Regulation. Psychosomatic Medicine, 58(5), 459–471. http://doi.org/10.1097/00006842-199609000-00008
Söchhting, I., Fairbrother, N., & Koch, W. J. (2004). Sexual Assault of Women: Prevention Efforts and Risk Factors. Violence Against Women, 10(1), 73–93. http://doi.org/10.1177/1077801203255680
Staffor, M., Gardner, M., Kumari, M., Kuh, D., & Ben-Shlomo, L. (2013). Social isolation and diurnal cortisol patterns in ageing cohort. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 38, 2737–2745.
WHO. (2005). Estudio multipaís de la OMS sobre salud de la mujer y violencia doméstica.
Wirtz, P. H., Elsenbruch, S., Emini, L., Rüdisüli, K., Groessbauer, S., & Ehlert, U. (2007). Perfectionism and the Cortisol Response to Psychosocial Stress in Men. Psychosomatic Medicine, 69(3), 249–255. http://doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0b013e318042589e
Yehuda, R. (2005). Handbook of Stress and the Brain - Part 2: Stress: Integrative and Clinical Aspects. Techniques in the Behavioral and Neural Sciences (Vol. 15). Elsevier. http://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-0709(05)80058-6
Young, J. E. & First, M. (1996). Schema mode listing. New York: Cognitive Therapy Center
Young, J. E. & Klosko, J. (2001). Reinventa tu vida. Barcelona: Paidós.
Young, J. E. (1999). Cognitive therapy for personality disorders: A schema focused approach (3a ed.). Sarasota, FL: Professional Resource Press.
Young, J. E., Klosko, J. S. & Weishaar, M. E. (2003). Schema therapy: A practitioner’s guide. New York: Guilford Press.
Cómo citar
Zapata Yance, L. F., Parra De La Rosa, K., Barrios, D., & Rojas Santiago, M. (2017). Efecto de la Violencia y Esquemas Cognitivos en el Cortisol de Mujeres Violentadas por sus Parejas. Universitas Psychologica, 15(5). https://doi.org/10.11144/Javeriana.upsy15-5.evec
Número
Sección
Artículos