Publicado jul 13, 2022



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Victoria Cabal Escandón

Luz Adriana Montes Monsalve

Nelson Stiven Celis Sarmiento

Astrih Liliana Ortiz Mahecha

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Resumen

La enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) es una entidad patológica que se caracteriza por una serie de manifestaciones físicas persistentes como tos, fatiga, disnea y producción de esputo; síntomas que generan malestar en el paciente desde el momento del diagnóstico y que, al ser una enfermedad irreversible por el daño tisular que causa, progresivamente va incidiendo de manera negativa en la calidad de vida. De otra parte, se ha reportado presencia de síntomas psicológicos como depresión, inseguridad, ansiedad y alteraciones emocionales en los pacientes diagnosticados con EPOC. Así mismo, los pacientes con este diagnóstico tienden a desarrollar comportamientos que alteran sus relaciones sociales familiares y laborales, por cuanto tienden a aislarse debido a la sintomatología, especialmente física.


La situación planteada genera la necesidad de desarrollar un trabajo de investigación con el objetivo de reconocer el clúster de síntomas físicos, psicológicos y sociales de los pacientes diagnosticados con EPOC, e identificar si se plantea un abordaje desde la atención paliativa. El estudio se desarrolló mediante una revisión sistemática de literatura en la que se identificaron 1776 artículos, de los que se evaluaron 41 para la identificación del clúster de síntomas. Se identificó el binomio disnea y tos, fatiga y expectoración como el clúster de síntomas físicos; la depresión y la ansiedad constituyen el clúster de síntomas psicológicos, y el impacto en la calidad de vida y la percepción de aislamiento o exclusión social.

Keywords

signs and symptoms, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, palliative careSignos y Sintomas, enfermedad pulmonar crónica obstructiva, cuidados paliativossignos e sintomas, doença pulmonar crônica obstrutiva, cuidados paliativos

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Cómo citar
Cabal Escandón, V., Montes Monsalve, L. A. ., Celis Sarmiento, N. S., & Ortiz Mahecha, A. L. . (2022). Grupo de síntomas de enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica y cuidados paliativos: una revisión sistemática. Investigación En Enfermería: Imagen Y Desarrollo, 24. https://doi.org/10.11144/Javeriana.ie24.gsep
Sección
Artículos de Revisión Integrativa o Sistemática