Efeito da estimulação transcraniana por corrente continua (ETCC) no córtex pré- frontal dorsolateral sobre a reprodução de intervalo de tempo
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may 18, 2017
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Resumen
Existem evidências que apontam para a importância do córtex préfrontal dorsolateral (CPFDL) na percepção de intervalos de tempo. A ETCC (eletroestimulação transcraniana por corrente contínua) modula a excitabilidade cortical, podendo ser utilizada para influenciar o desempenho de diferentes funções cerebrais, como a estimativa de tempo. Nosso objetivo foi avaliar o efeito da estimulação do CPFDL direito e esquerdo sobre a reprodução de intervalos de tempo. 26 indivíduos foram submetidos a estimulação transcraniana de 2mA no CPFDL por 20 min (anódica, catódica ou sham). Em seguida, participaram de uma tarefa de reprodução de intervalos de tempo de 4 e 8 segundos. Através de ANOVA para medidas repetidas para os fatores estimulação (anódica, catódica, sham), Intervalos (4s e/ou 8s) e local (esquerdo e direito), pudemos observar que a estimulação anódica do CPFDL do hemisfério direito resultou em subestimativa maior no intervalo de 4 segundos, enquanto o uso de corrente catódica sobre o CPFDL esquerdo provocou uma superestimativa do tempo para o intervalo de 4 segundos. Nossos resultados corroboram a importância do CPFDL direito na percepção de tempo. Ainda, o efeito assimétrico observado é interessante, confirmando que o CPFDL esquerdo está associado às funções executivas, importantes na percepção de tempo.
Keywords
Time perception, interval timing, DLPFC, tDCSPercepção de tempo, intervalo de tempo, pré-frontal dorsolateral, ETCC
References
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Fortin C. & Breton R. (1995). Temporal interval production and processing in working memory. Perception & Psychophysics, 57(2),203-15
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Gironell, A.; Rami, L.; Kulisevsky, J.; Garcia-Sanchez, C.,(2005). Lack of prefrontal repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation effects in time production processing. European Journal of Neurology 12(11), 891-896.
Gu B. M., Meck W. H. (2011). “New perspectives on Vierordt's law: memory-mixing in ordinal temporal comparison tasks,” in Time and Time Perception 2010, LNAI 6789, eds Vatakis A., Esposito A., Cummins F., Papadelis G., Giagkou M., editors. (Berlin: Springer-Verlag;), pp 67–78.
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Matell M.S. & Meck W.H. (2000) Neuropsychological mechanisms of interval timing behavior. Bioessays, 22(1), 94–103.
Meck, W. & Angell, K. E. (1992). Repeated administration of pyrithiamine leads to a proportional increase in the remembered duration of events. Psychobiology, 20, 39-46.
Meck W.H. (1986) Affinity for the dopamine D2 receptor predicts neuroleptic potency in decreasing the speed of an internal clock. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, 25, 1185–1189.
Meck, W.H.(1996) Neuropharmacology of timing and time perception. Cognitive Brain Research, 3,227-242.
Meck WH, Benson AM. (2002) Dissecting the brain’s internal clock: how frontal-striatal circuitry keeps time and shifts attention. Brain and Cognition, 48,195–211.
Mimura, M., Kinsbourne, M. & O’Connor, M. (2000).Time estimation by patients with frontal lesions and by Korsakoff amnesics. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society., 6, 517–528.
Nitsche, M. A., & Paulus, W. (2000). Excitability changes induced in the human motor cortex by weak transcranial direct current stimulation. Journal of Physiology, 527 (3), 633-639.
Nitsche M.A. (2002): Transcranial direct current stimulation: A new treatment for depression? Bipolar Disorder 4(1), 98 –99.
Nitsche, M. A., Cohen, L. G., Wassermann, E. M., Priori, A., Lang, N., Antal, A. (2008). Transcranial direct current stimulation: State of the art. Brain Stimulation, 1(3), 206-223.
Pastor M.A., Artieda J., Jahanshahi M., Obeso J.A. (1992). Time estimation and reproduction is abnormal in Parkinson's disease. Brain, 115(1),211-25.
Ribeiro, R.L. Pompeia, S & Bueno, OFA (2004) Normas brasileiras para o International Affective Picture System (IAPS): comunicação breve. R. Psiquiatr. RS, 26, 190-194.
Rosenkranz K., Nitsche M.A., Tergau F., Paulus W. (2000). Diminution of training-induced transient motor cortex plasticity by weak transcranial direct current stimulation in the human. Neuroscience Letters, 296(1),61-3.
Silton R. L., Miller G. A., Towers D. N., Engels A. S., Edgar J. C., Spielberg J. M., et al. (2010). The time course of activity in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex during top-down attentional control. Neuroimage 50, 1292–1302.
Vallesi, A., Shallice, T., Walsh, V. (2007). Role of the prefrontal cortex in the foreperiod effect: TMS evidence for dual mechanisms in temporal preparation. Cerebral Cortex, 17(2), 466-74.
Vanderhasselt, M.A., De Readt R, Baeken C, Leyman L, D’haenen H. (2006). The influence of rTMS over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex on Stroop task performance. Exp. Brain Res.169, 279 – 282.
Vicario C.M., Martino, D., Koch, G. (2013). Temporal accuracy and variability in the left and right posterior parietal cortex. Neuroscience, 245,121–128.
Wager T.D. & Smith E.E. (2003). Neuroimaging studies of working memory: a meta-analysis. Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience, 3(4), 255-274.
Coull, J. T., Vidal, F., Nazarian, B., Macar, F. (2004) Functional anatomy of the attentional modulation of time estimation. Science, 303,1506-8.
Church, R. M. (1984). Properties of the internal clock. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 423, 566-582.
Fortin C. & Breton R. (1995). Temporal interval production and processing in working memory. Perception & Psychophysics, 57(2),203-15
Gibbon, J. (1977). Scalar expectancy theory and Weber's law in animal timing. Psychological Review, 84 (3), 279.
Gibbon, J., Church, R. M. & Meck, W. H. (1984). Scalar timing in memory. In J. Gibbon & L. Allan (Eds.), Timing and time perception (pp. 52-77). New York, NY: New York Academy of Sciences.
Gironell, A.; Rami, L.; Kulisevsky, J.; Garcia-Sanchez, C.,(2005). Lack of prefrontal repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation effects in time production processing. European Journal of Neurology 12(11), 891-896.
Gu B. M., Meck W. H. (2011). “New perspectives on Vierordt's law: memory-mixing in ordinal temporal comparison tasks,” in Time and Time Perception 2010, LNAI 6789, eds Vatakis A., Esposito A., Cummins F., Papadelis G., Giagkou M., editors. (Berlin: Springer-Verlag;), pp 67–78.
Jeon S.Y., Han S.J. (2012) Improvement of the working memory and naming by transcranial direct current stimulation. Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine, 36, 585–595.
Jones C.R., Rosenkranz K., Rothwell J.C, Jahanshahi M. (2004). The right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex is essential in time reproduction: an investigation with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation. Experimental Brain Research 158,366–372.
Kane, Michael J.; Engle, Randall W. (2002). The role of prefrontal cortex in working-memory capacity, executive attention, and general fluid intelligence: An individual-differences perspective. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 9 (4): 637–71.
Koch, G., Oliveri, M., Carlesimo, G. A., Caltagirone, C. (2002). Selective deficit of time perception in a patient with right prefrontal cortex lesion. Neurology, 59, 1658-9.
Koch, G., Oliveri, M., Torriero, S., Caltagirone, C. (2003). Underestimation of time perception after repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation. Neurology, 60,1844-6.
Koch, G., Oliveri, M., Brusa, L., Stanzione, P., Torriero, S. & Caltagirone, C. (2004).High-frequency rTMS improves time perception in Parkinson disease. Neurology,63, 2405–2406.
Lang, P. J., Bradley, M. M., & Cuthbert, B. N. (Eds.). (1997). International affective picture system (IAPS): Technical manual and affective ratings. University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.:
Lang N., Siebner H.R., Ward N.S., Lee L, Nitsche M.A., Paulus W., Rothwell J.C., Lemon R.N., Frackowiak R.S. (2005) How does transcranial DC stimulation of the primary motor cortex alter regional neuronal activity in the human brain? European Journal of Neuroscience 22, 495–504.
Lewis P.A., Miall R.C. (2006a). Remembering the time: a continuous clock. Trends in Cognitive Science, 10(9),401-6.
Lewis P.A., Miall R.C. (2006b). A right hemispheric prefrontal system for cognitive time measurement. Behavioral Processes, 71(2-3),226-34.
Lewis, P. A., Miall, R. C. (2003a) Distinct systems for automatic and cognitively controlled time measurement: evidence from neuroimaging. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 13(2),250-5.
Lewis, P. A., Miall, R. C. (2003b) Brain activation patterns during measurement of sub- and supra-second intervals. Neuropsychologia, 41,1583-92.
Martin JLR, Barbanoj MJ, Schlaeper TE, Thompson E, Pe´rez V,Kulisevsky J (2003) Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of depression: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Psychiatr 182:480–491.
Marié R.M., & Defer G.L. (2003). Working memory and dopamine: clinical and experimental clues. Current Opinion in Neurology, 2, S29-35.
Matell M.S. & Meck W.H. (2000) Neuropsychological mechanisms of interval timing behavior. Bioessays, 22(1), 94–103.
Meck, W. & Angell, K. E. (1992). Repeated administration of pyrithiamine leads to a proportional increase in the remembered duration of events. Psychobiology, 20, 39-46.
Meck W.H. (1986) Affinity for the dopamine D2 receptor predicts neuroleptic potency in decreasing the speed of an internal clock. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, 25, 1185–1189.
Meck, W.H.(1996) Neuropharmacology of timing and time perception. Cognitive Brain Research, 3,227-242.
Meck WH, Benson AM. (2002) Dissecting the brain’s internal clock: how frontal-striatal circuitry keeps time and shifts attention. Brain and Cognition, 48,195–211.
Mimura, M., Kinsbourne, M. & O’Connor, M. (2000).Time estimation by patients with frontal lesions and by Korsakoff amnesics. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society., 6, 517–528.
Nitsche, M. A., & Paulus, W. (2000). Excitability changes induced in the human motor cortex by weak transcranial direct current stimulation. Journal of Physiology, 527 (3), 633-639.
Nitsche M.A. (2002): Transcranial direct current stimulation: A new treatment for depression? Bipolar Disorder 4(1), 98 –99.
Nitsche, M. A., Cohen, L. G., Wassermann, E. M., Priori, A., Lang, N., Antal, A. (2008). Transcranial direct current stimulation: State of the art. Brain Stimulation, 1(3), 206-223.
Pastor M.A., Artieda J., Jahanshahi M., Obeso J.A. (1992). Time estimation and reproduction is abnormal in Parkinson's disease. Brain, 115(1),211-25.
Ribeiro, R.L. Pompeia, S & Bueno, OFA (2004) Normas brasileiras para o International Affective Picture System (IAPS): comunicação breve. R. Psiquiatr. RS, 26, 190-194.
Rosenkranz K., Nitsche M.A., Tergau F., Paulus W. (2000). Diminution of training-induced transient motor cortex plasticity by weak transcranial direct current stimulation in the human. Neuroscience Letters, 296(1),61-3.
Silton R. L., Miller G. A., Towers D. N., Engels A. S., Edgar J. C., Spielberg J. M., et al. (2010). The time course of activity in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex during top-down attentional control. Neuroimage 50, 1292–1302.
Vallesi, A., Shallice, T., Walsh, V. (2007). Role of the prefrontal cortex in the foreperiod effect: TMS evidence for dual mechanisms in temporal preparation. Cerebral Cortex, 17(2), 466-74.
Vanderhasselt, M.A., De Readt R, Baeken C, Leyman L, D’haenen H. (2006). The influence of rTMS over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex on Stroop task performance. Exp. Brain Res.169, 279 – 282.
Vicario C.M., Martino, D., Koch, G. (2013). Temporal accuracy and variability in the left and right posterior parietal cortex. Neuroscience, 245,121–128.
Wager T.D. & Smith E.E. (2003). Neuroimaging studies of working memory: a meta-analysis. Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience, 3(4), 255-274.
Cómo citar
Oliveira, F., Rego Fernandes, C. R., Miguel, M. A., & Araujo, J. F. (2017). Efeito da estimulação transcraniana por corrente continua (ETCC) no córtex pré- frontal dorsolateral sobre a reprodução de intervalo de tempo. Universitas Psychologica, 15(5). https://doi.org/10.11144/Javeriana.upsy15-5.eetc
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