Abstract
This investigation intends to assess the psychometric properties of the questionnaire STAI in a sample of drug abusers versus a non-clinic sample. It was carried out a sampling for conglomerates in 28 treatment centers for addiction, distributed in 27 Spanish provinces. The sample was composed by 1054 subjects who had a history of substance use and 211 with no history of substance abuse. The analysis of reliability showed an internal appropriate validity. The items analysis shows the necessity to revise two items when the questionnaire is used with drug abusers population. The results show that people with a history of consumption obtained a higher mean score than those who had not used substances, women obtained a higher mean score than males, and that people who had used depressants obtained a score higher than those who had consumed stimulants. The differences were statistically significant.
Alonso, J., Angermeyer, M. C., Bernert, S., Bruffaerts, R., Brugha, T. S., Bryson, H.,… Vollebergh, W. A. (2004). Use of mental health services in Europe: Results from the European Study of the Epidemiology of Mental Disorders (ESEMeD) project. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 109 (Suppl. 420), 47-54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0047.2004.00330.x
American Psychiatric Association. (2002). DSM-IV-TR. Breviario. Criterios diagnósticos. Barcelona: Masson.
Bisetto, D., González, R., & Botella, A. (2016). Family-Based Intervention Program for parents of substance-abusing youth and adolescents. Journal of Addiction, ID 4320720. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4320720
Cano-Vindel, A., Miguel-Tobal, J. J., González, H., & Iruarrizaga, I. (1994). El afrontamiento de la ansiedad en las drogodependencias. Anales de Psicología, 10(2), 145-156. Recuperado de http://www.um.es/analesps/v10/v10_2/05-10_2.pdf
Del Río, F. J., Cabello, F., & Cabello, M. A. (2015). Relación entre disfunción eréctil y ansiedad. Revista Internacional de Andrología, 13(Especial 17 Congreso Nacional ASESA), 28. Recuperado de http://asesagrancanaria2015.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/programa210115.pdf
Del Río, F. J., Cabello-Santamaría, F., Cabello-García, M. A., & Aragón-Vela, J. (2017). Sexual pain disorders in Spanish women drug users. Substance Use & Misuse, 52, 145-151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10826084.2016.1222625
Dorard, G., Bungener, C., Phan, O., Edel, Y., Corcos, M., & Berthoz, S. (2017). Is alexithymia related to cannabis use disorder? Results from a case-control study in outpatient adolescent cannabis abusers. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 95, 74-80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2017.02.012
Ebel, R. L. (1965). Measuring educational achievement. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Escohotado, A. (2001). Historia general de las drogas. Madrid: Espasa Calpe.
Flora, D. B., & Curran, P. J. (2004). An empirical evaluation of alternative methods of estimation for confirmatory factor analysis with ordinal data. Psychological Methods, 9, 466-491. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/1082-989X.9.4.466
Guillén-Riquelme, A., & Buela-Casal, G. (2011). Actualización psicométrica y funcionamiento diferencial de los ítems en el State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Psicothema, 23(3), 510-515. Recuperado de http://www.psicothema.es/pdf/3916.pdf
Hearon, B. A., Calkins, A. W., Halperin, D. M., McHugh, R. K., Murray H. W., & Otto, M. W. (2011). Anxiety sensitivity and illicit sedative use among opiate-dependent women and men. The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 37, 43-47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00952990.2010.535581
Lorenzo, P., Ladero, J. M., Leza, J. C., & Lizasoain, I. (2009). Drogodependencias: farmacología, patología, psicología, legislación. Buenos Aires: Editorial Médica Panamericana.
Lorenzo-Seva, U., & Ferrando, P. J. (2006). FACTOR: A computer program to fit the exploratory factor analysis model. Behavioral Research Methods, Instruments and Computers, 38(1), 88-91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/BF03192753
Marqueta, A., Jiménez-Muro, A., Beamonte, A., Gargallo, P., & Nerín, I. (2010). Evolución de la ansiedad en el proceso de dejar de fumar en fumadores que acuden a una Unidad de Tabaquismo. Adicciones, 2(4), 317-324. Recuperado de http://www.adicciones.es/index.php/adicciones/article/view/173
Mendoza, N. (2008). Farmacología médica. Buenos Aires: Editorial Médica Panamericana.
Miguel-Tobal, J. J. (1996). La ansiedad. Madrid: Santillana.
Muthén, B., & Kaplan, D. (1992). A comparison of some methodologies for the factor analysis of non-normal Likert variables: A note on the size of the model. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 38, 171-189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2044.8317.1985.tb00832.x
Nunnally, J. C., & Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric theory (3.ª ed.). Nueva York: McGrawHill.
Pérez, F. (2011). Estudio sobre adicciones. Perfiles de drogodependientes y eficacia del tratamiento en Proyecto Hombre Burgos. Burgos: Publicaciones de la Excma. Diputación Provincial de Burgos.
Rial, A., & Varela, J. (2008). Estadística práctica para la investigación en ciencias de la salud. La Coruña, ES: Netbiblo, S. L.
Scorzelli, J. F., & Chaudhry, S. Z. (2009). Relationship between anxiety and addiction to a depressant drug. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 41(1), 61-66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2009.10400675
Sierra, J. C., Ortega, V., & Zubeidat, I. (2003). Ansiedad, angustia y estrés: tres conceptos a diferenciar. Revista Mal-Estar e Subjetividade/Fortaleza, 3(1), 10-59. Recuperado de http://pepsic.bvsalud.org/pdf/malestar/v3n1/02.pdf
Spielberger, C. D., Gorsuch, R. L., & Lushene, R. E. (1982). Manual STAI, Cuestionario de Ansiedad Estado Rasgo. Madrid: TEA Ediciones.
Vera-Villarroel, P., Buela-Casal, G., & Spielberger, C. D. (2007). Preliminary analysis and normative data of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) in adolescent and adults of Santiago, Chile. Terapia Psicológica, 25, 155-162. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0718-48082007000200006
Vila, J. (1984). Técnicas de reducción de ansiedad. En J. Mayor & F. J. Labrador (Eds.), Manual de modificación de conducta (pp. 229-264). Madrid: Alhambra.
Wright, N. E., Scerpella, D., & Lisdahl, K. M. (noviembre, 2016). Marijuana use is associated with behavioral approach and depressive symptoms in adolescents and emerging adults. PLoS ONE 11, e0166005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0166005
This journal is registered under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License. Thus, this work may be reproduced, distributed, and publicly shared in digital format, as long as the names of the authors and Pontificia Universidad Javeriana are acknowledged. Others are allowed to quote, adapt, transform, auto-archive, republish, and create based on this material, for any purpose (even commercial ones), provided the authorship is duly acknowledged, a link to the original work is provided, and it is specified if changes have been made. Pontificia Universidad Javeriana does not hold the rights of published works and the authors are solely responsible for the contents of their works; they keep the moral, intellectual, privacy, and publicity rights. Approving the intervention of the work (review, copy-editing, translation, layout) and the following outreach, are granted through an use license and not through an assignment of rights. This means the journal and Pontificia Universidad Javeriana cannot be held responsible for any ethical malpractice by the authors. As a consequence of the protection granted by the use license, the journal is not required to publish recantations or modify information already published, unless the errata stems from the editorial management process. Publishing contents in this journal does not generate royalties for contributors.