Keywords
ansiedad
cortisol
ritmo beta1
ritmo theta
How to Cite
Abstract
El Neurofeedback (NF) ha demostrado exitosos resultados en trastornos de ansiedad. Así pues, la efectividad de un protocolo basado en el entrenamiento del ritmo beta1 ha sido probada en un estudio longitudinal de caso clínico. Una participante con síndrome de ansiedad completó 10 sesiones de NF, cuyo protocolo consistía en la potenciación de ritmo beta1 (16-21 Hz) e inhibición del ritmo theta (4-8 Hz). Los niveles de ansiedad-estado y cortisol fueron registrados durante las 10 sesiones de acuerdo a un diseño pre/post. Se realizaron evaluaciones iniciales y finales de sintomatología ansiosa y rendimiento en atención sostenida. La evaluación final evidenció que los niveles de ansiedad volvieron a situarse en el rango normativo y la atención sostenida mostró importantes mejoras. Una prueba t para muestras relacionadas reveló un aumento significativo de la amplitud de beta1 entre sesiones sin cambios en ritmos no entrenados. Se evidenció una correlación significativa negativa entre la amplitud de beta1 y niveles de cortisol, sugiriendo que la actividad cerebral podría considerarse como posible marcador de ansiedad. La validación del protocolo se evaluó de acuerdo a criterios de independiencia, entrenabilidad e interpretabilidad. Se mostró la efectividad de un protocolo de NF sobre sintomatología ansiosa y atención sostenida, cuyo éxito residiría en el restablecimiento del arousal cortical óptimo capaz de inhibir la elevada actividad de la amígdala.
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