Keywords
carbon nanotubes
guinea grass peroxidase
screen printed electrodes
triclosan
How to Cite
Abstract
Triclosan is a compound with antimicrobial activity broadly used in consumer products. Because of its well documented toxicity, the amount of triclosan present in different products needs to be tightly controlled. This paper outlines a new amperometric sensor for triclosan detection consisting of a screen-printed carbon nanotube electrode (SPCNE) modified w ith Guinea grass peroxidase (GGP). The GGP-modified S PCNE was a ble t o d etect an enhanced electrochemical response of triclosan, unlike the bare SPCNE. The cyclic voltammograms of the GGP-modified SPCNE in a solution of potassium ferrocyanide showed an increase in the current values and linearity between scan rates and oxidation peak currents, suggesting a surface controlled process. The GGP-modified SPCNEs howed an excellent electrocatalytic activity to triclosan oxidation, at a redox potential of 370 mV, in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, exhibiting a linear response between 20 mM to 80 mM and a detection limit of 3 µM. This new amperometry system, based on carbon nanotubes integrated with GGP, becomes a potential tool for environmental analysis and food quality control.
Lenz A, Pattison C, Ma H. Triclosan and triclocarban induce systemic toxic effects in a model organism the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Environ. Pollut. 231: 462–470, 2017.
Ozaki N, Nakazato A, Nakashima K, Kindaichi T, Ohashi A. Science of the Total Environment Loading and removal of PAHs , fragrance compounds , triclosan and toxicity by composting process from sewage sludge. Sci. Total Environ. 605: 860–866, 2017
Guo J, Li X, Cao X, Li Y, Wang X, Xu X. Determination of triclosan , triclocarban and methyl-triclosan in aqueous samples by dispersive liquid – liquid microextraction combined with rapid liquid chromatography. J. Chromatrogr. 1216: 3038–3043, 2009.
Song S, Song QJ, Chen Z. Online phototransformation – flow injection chemiluminescence determination of triclosan. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 387: 2917–2922, 2007.
Shi Y, Liu X, Zhang J, Shao B. Analysis of triclosan and triclocarban in human nails using isotopic dilution liquid chromatography – tandem mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. B 934: 97–101, 2013.
Rotariu L, Lagarde F, Jaffrezic-renault N, Bala C. Trends in Analytical Chemistry Electrochemical biosensors for fast detection of food contaminants – trends and perspective. Trends Anal. Chem. 79: 80–87, 2016.
Yang J, Wang P, Zhang X. Electrochemical Sensor for Rapid Detection of Triclosan Using a Multiwall Carbon Nanotube Film. J. Agric. Food Chem. 57; 9403–9407, 2009
Sakahrov I, Vorobiev A, Castillo J. Synthesis of polyelectrolyte complexes of polyaniline and sulfonated polystyrene by palm tree peroxidase. Enzyme. Microb. Technol. 33; 661–667, 2003.
Besharati M, Saboury A, Poostchi A, Rashidi A. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules Stability and activity improvement of horseradish peroxidase by covalent immobilization on functionalized reduced graphene oxide and biodegradation of high phenol concentration. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 106: 1314–1322, 2018.
Alemzadeh I, Nejati S. Phenols removal by immobilized horseradish peroxidase. J. Hazard. Mater. 166: 1082–1086, 2009.
Wang Y. An amperometric biosensor for hydrogen peroxide by adsorption of horseradish peroxidase onto single-walled carbon nanotubes. Colloids Surfaces B Biointerf. 90: 62–67, 2012.
Centeno D, Solano X, Castillo J. A new peroxidase from leaves of guinea grass (Panicum maximum): A potential biocatalyst to build amperometric biosensors. Bioelectrochemistry 116: 33–38, 2017
Li B, Qiu Z, Wan Q, Liu Y, Yang N. β-cyclodextrin functionalized graphene nano platelets for electrochemical determination of triclosan nano platelets for electrochemical determination of triclosan. Phys. Status Solidi A 5: 1-5, 2014.
Dai H, Xu G, Gong L, Yang G, Lin Y, Tong Y, Chen J. Electrochemical detection of triclosan at a glassy carbon electrode modifies with carbon nanodots and chitosan. Electrochim. Acta. 80: 362–367, 2012.
Wu T, Li T, Liu Z, Guo Y, Dong C. Electrochemical sensor for sensitive detection of triclosan based on graphene / palladium nanoparticles hybrids. Talanta 164: 556–562, 2017.
Fotouhi L, Shahbaazi HR, Fatehi A, Heravi M. Voltammetric Determination of Triclosan in Waste Water and Personal Care Products. Int J. Electrochem Sci 5: 1390–1398, 2010.
Bradford M. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal. Biochem. 72: 248–254, 1976.
Pina D. Thermal stability of peroxidase from the african oil palm tree Elaeis guineensis. Eur. J. Biochem. 269; 2584–2590, 2002.
Brusova Z, Ferapontova EE, Sakharov Y, Magner E. Bioelectrocatalysis of Plant Peroxidases Immobilized on Graphite in Aqueous and Mixed Solvent Media. Electroanalysis 17: 460–468, 2005.
Gaspar S. Biosensors based on novel plant peroxidases: a comparative study. Electrochim. Acta. 46: 255–264, 2000.
Huang J, Tsai Y. Chemical Direct electrochemistry and biosensing of hydrogen peroxide of horseradish peroxidase immobilized at multiwalled carbon nanotube / alumina-coated silica nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode. Sensors Actuators B Chem. 140: 267–272, 2009.
Univ. Sci. is registered under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License. Thus, this work may be reproduced, distributed, and publicly shared in digital format, as long as the names of the authors and Pontificia Universidad Javeriana are acknowledged. Others are allowed to quote, adapt, transform, auto-archive, republish, and create based on this material, for any purpose (even commercial ones), provided the authorship is duly acknowledged, a link to the original work is provided, and it is specified if changes have been made. Pontificia Universidad Javeriana does not hold the rights of published works and the authors are solely responsible for the contents of their works; they keep the moral, intellectual, privacy, and publicity rights. Approving the intervention of the work (review, copy-editing, translation, layout) and the following outreach, are granted through an use license and not through an assignment of rights. This means the journal and Pontificia Universidad Javeriana cannot be held responsible for any ethical malpractice by the authors. As a consequence of the protection granted by the use license, the journal is not required to publish recantations or modify information already published, unless the errata stems from the editorial management process. Publishing contents in this journal does not generate royalties for contributors.