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Abstract
En "La Escuela de Praga" se recalca, ante todo, la importancia del análisis estructural que tiene como eje el rasgo distintivo. Por la claridad y rigurosidad del método, éste ha sido adoptado por varias disciplinas lingüísticas.
Reconoce su carácter antiatomístico y las fuentes saussurianas como punto de partida. Esboza la "Teoría de las oposiciones", aportación de esta Escuela; deslinda la Fonética de la Fonología. Y, partiendo de este deslinde, se ubican las realidades correspondientes hasta llegar a una definición del fonema; se presentan las oposiciones fonológicas trubetzkoyanas en el campo sincrónico y diacrónico; se enuncian los trabajos realizados en otros campos de la Lingüística, y por último se hace énfasis en el aporte de Jakobson, resaltando la importancia de su Escala Binaria, o "Escala de Jakobson".
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