Relaciones entre cultura y desempeño organizacional en una muestra de empresas colombianas: reflexiones sobre la utilización del modelo de Denison
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jun 1, 2010
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Resumen
Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación sobre la cultura organizacional a partir dos ejercicios: (1) identificar elementos mínimos que deberían considerarse para examinar la pertinencia de un modelo sobre la cultura organizacional y (2) un estudio exploratorio sobre las relaciones entre cultura y desempeño organizacional con base en el modelo de Denison y sus colegas. Así, se reseña, en primer lugar, una forma de caracterizar el modelo en el contexto de los estudios sobre cultura, el marco teórico general y resultados de estudios anteriores. Luego, en el estudio exploratorio, se busca la estructura factorial de los rasgos de la cultura propuestos en el modelo (consistencia, involucramiento, adaptabilidad y misión) en una muestra de empresas colombianas y se evalúan hipótesis que relacionan rasgos de la cultura con indicadores de desempeño organizacional. Se encuentra que la estructura factorial no se ajusta totalmente a la estructura esperada, y sólo la misión evidencia relaciones significativas con algunas medidas de desempeño. Basándose en los resultados se proponen lineamientos para futuras investigaciones sobre la relación entre cultura y desempeño organizacional.
Keywords
organizational culture, organizational performance, innovation, reproduction of modelscultura organizacional, desempeño, innovación, reproducción de modeloscultura organizacional, desempenho, inovação, reprodução de modelos
References
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Brunsson, N. (1985). The irrational organization. New York: Wiley.
Cameron, K. and Quinn, R. (1999). Diagnosis and changing organizational culture: Based on competing values framework. Reading: Addison Wesley.
Calderón, G. y Naranjo, J. (2007). Perfil cultural de las empresas innovadoras: un estudio de caso en empresas metalmecánicas. Cuadernos de Administración, 20, (34), 161-189.
Cunha, R. and Cooper, C. (2002). Does privatization affect corporate culture and employee wellbeing? Journal of Managerial Psychology, 17 (1-2), 21-49.
Daft, R., and Weick. K. (1984). Toward a model of organizations as interpretation systems. Academy of Management Review, 9, 284-295.
Denison, D. (1990). Corporate culture and organizational effectiveness. New York: John Wiley and Sons.
Denison, D. (1996). What is the difference between organizational culture and organizational climate?: a native's point of view on a decade of paradigms wars. Academy of Management Review, 21 (3), 619-656.
Organizational culture: can it be a key lever for driving organizational change? (2000). Lausanne: International Institute for Management Development.
Mishra, A. (1995). Toward a theory of organizational culture and effectiveness. Organizational Science, 6 (2), 204-223.
Denison, D. and Neale, W. S. (1996). Denison organizational culture survey: facilitator guide. Ann Arbor (MI): Aviat.
Denison, D.; Cho, H. J. and Young, J. (2000). Diagnosing organizational cultures: A model and method. Working paper. Lausanne: International Institute for Management Development.
Denison, D.; Haaland, S. and Goelzer, P. (2003). Corporate culture and organizational effectiveness: is there a similar pattern around the word? Advances in Global Leadership, 3, 2005-2227.
Desphande, R.; Farley, J. and Webster, F. (1993). Corporate culture, customer orientation and innovativeness in Japanese firms: a quadrate analysis. Journal of Marketing, 57 (1), 23-37.
Dessler, G. (1998). Management: leading people and organizations in the 21st century. Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall.
Fey, C. y Denison, D. (2003). Organizational culture and effectiveness: can American theory be applied in Russia? Organization Science, 14 (6), 686-706.
Feldman, M. (1989). Order without design: Information processing and policy making. Palo Alto (CA): Stanford University Press.
Gelfand, M. J.; Erez, M. and Aycan, Z. (2007). Cross-cultural organizational behavior. Annual Review of Psychology, 58 (1), 479-514.
Georgsdottir, A. S. and Getz, I. (2004). How flexibility facilitates innovation and ways to manage it in organizations. Creativity and Innovation Management, 13 (3), 166-175.
Gomez, I. and Ricardo, R. (2009). Similarities and differences existing in cultural profiles of Colombian organizations of higher and lower performance. Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas, XVII (1), 9-24.
Harrison, R. (1972). Understanding your organization's charter. Harvard Business Review, May-June, 119-128.
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Juran, J. M. (1982). Product quality - a prescription for the West. Quality, 21 (4), 16-26.
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Meyer, J. W. and Rowan, B. (1977). Institutionalized organizations: Formal structures as myth and ceremony. American Journal of Sociology, 83, 340-363.
Mobley, W. H.; Wang, L. and Fang, K. (2005). Organizational culture: measuring and developing it in your organization. Harvard Business Review China, March, 128-139.
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Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económico (OCDE), (1996). Manual de Frascati: medición de actividades científicas y tecnológicas. París: autor.
Ouchi, W. (1981). Theory Z: How American business can meet the Japanese challenge. Reading: Addison-Wesley.
Wilkins, A. L. (1985). Organizational culture. Annual Review of Sociology, 11, 457-483.
Oyserman, D.; Coon, H. M. and Kemmelmeier, M. (2002). Rethinking individualism and collectivism: Evaluation of theoretical assumptions and meta-analyses. Psychological Bulletin, 128 (1), 3-72.
Pettigrew, A. (1979). On studying organizational culture. Administrative Science Quarterly, 24, 570-581.
Portafolio (2010). Cómo fortalecer las organizaciones. Recuperado el 1 de junio de 2010, de http://www.comunicacionorganizacional.com
Ricardo, R. y Gómez, I. (2008). Perfil cultural y desempeño organizacional en empresas bogotanas. Revista Gestión Pública y Empresarial, 7 (12), 133-158.
Rousseau, J. (1990). Ethnic identity and social life in stratified society. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Sathe, V. (1985). Culture and related corporate realities: Text, cases, and readings on organizational entry, establishment, and chance. Homewood (IL): Irwin.
Selznick, P. (1957). Leadership and administration. Evanson, IL: Row and Peterson.
Schein, E. (1985). Organizational culture and leadership. San Francisco. Jossey-Bass.
Organizational culture. (1990). American Psychologist, 45, 109-119.
Schneider, B.; Hanges, P. J.; Smith, D. B. and Salvaggio, A. N. (2003). Which come first: employee attitudes or organizational financial and market performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88 (5), 836-851.
Siehl, C. and Martin, J. (1984). The role of symbolic management: how can managers effectively transmit organizational culture? En J. D. Hunt, D. Hosking, C. Schriesheim and R. Steward (Eds.), Leaders and managers: international perspectives on managerial behavior and leadership pp. 227-239). New York: Pergamon.
Smereck, R. and Denison, D. (2007). Social capital in organizations: understanding the link to firm performance. Documento procedente del Annual Meeting of Academy of Management, Filadelfia, Estados Unidos.
Trice, H. M and Beyer, J. M. (1993). The cultures of work organizations. Englewood Cliffs, (NY): Prentice Hall.
Weick, K. (1991). The vulnerable system: and analysis of Tenerife air disaster. En Frost, P. et al. (Eds.), Reframing organizational culture (pp. 117-130). Newbury Park (CA): Sage.
Brunsson, N. (1985). The irrational organization. New York: Wiley.
Cameron, K. and Quinn, R. (1999). Diagnosis and changing organizational culture: Based on competing values framework. Reading: Addison Wesley.
Calderón, G. y Naranjo, J. (2007). Perfil cultural de las empresas innovadoras: un estudio de caso en empresas metalmecánicas. Cuadernos de Administración, 20, (34), 161-189.
Cunha, R. and Cooper, C. (2002). Does privatization affect corporate culture and employee wellbeing? Journal of Managerial Psychology, 17 (1-2), 21-49.
Daft, R., and Weick. K. (1984). Toward a model of organizations as interpretation systems. Academy of Management Review, 9, 284-295.
Denison, D. (1990). Corporate culture and organizational effectiveness. New York: John Wiley and Sons.
Denison, D. (1996). What is the difference between organizational culture and organizational climate?: a native's point of view on a decade of paradigms wars. Academy of Management Review, 21 (3), 619-656.
Organizational culture: can it be a key lever for driving organizational change? (2000). Lausanne: International Institute for Management Development.
Mishra, A. (1995). Toward a theory of organizational culture and effectiveness. Organizational Science, 6 (2), 204-223.
Denison, D. and Neale, W. S. (1996). Denison organizational culture survey: facilitator guide. Ann Arbor (MI): Aviat.
Denison, D.; Cho, H. J. and Young, J. (2000). Diagnosing organizational cultures: A model and method. Working paper. Lausanne: International Institute for Management Development.
Denison, D.; Haaland, S. and Goelzer, P. (2003). Corporate culture and organizational effectiveness: is there a similar pattern around the word? Advances in Global Leadership, 3, 2005-2227.
Desphande, R.; Farley, J. and Webster, F. (1993). Corporate culture, customer orientation and innovativeness in Japanese firms: a quadrate analysis. Journal of Marketing, 57 (1), 23-37.
Dessler, G. (1998). Management: leading people and organizations in the 21st century. Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall.
Fey, C. y Denison, D. (2003). Organizational culture and effectiveness: can American theory be applied in Russia? Organization Science, 14 (6), 686-706.
Feldman, M. (1989). Order without design: Information processing and policy making. Palo Alto (CA): Stanford University Press.
Gelfand, M. J.; Erez, M. and Aycan, Z. (2007). Cross-cultural organizational behavior. Annual Review of Psychology, 58 (1), 479-514.
Georgsdottir, A. S. and Getz, I. (2004). How flexibility facilitates innovation and ways to manage it in organizations. Creativity and Innovation Management, 13 (3), 166-175.
Gomez, I. and Ricardo, R. (2009). Similarities and differences existing in cultural profiles of Colombian organizations of higher and lower performance. Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas, XVII (1), 9-24.
Harrison, R. (1972). Understanding your organization's charter. Harvard Business Review, May-June, 119-128.
Hatch, M. J. (1997). Organization theory. Oxford (UK): Oxford University Press.
Hofstede, G. (1980) Culture's consequences: international differences in work-related values. London: Sage.
House, R. J. and Javidan, M. (2004). Overview of GLOBE. En R. J. House et al. (Eds.), Culture, leadership, and organizations: The Globe study of 62 societies (pp. 9-28). New York: Sage.
House, R. J. et al (1999). Cultural influences on leadership and organizations: Project Globe. En W. Mobley (Ed.), Advances in global leadership (2a ed., pp. 171-233). Bingley (UK): Emerald Group Publishing.
Jones, G. (2004). Organizational theory, design, and change: text and Cases. Upper Saddle River (NJ): Pearson-Prentice Hall.
Juran, J. M. (1982). Product quality - a prescription for the West. Quality, 21 (4), 16-26.
Louis, M. (1985). An investigator's guide to workplace cultures: Why, when, and how? En R. Kilmann (Ed.), Managing corporate cultures (pp. 126-136). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
March, J. G. and Sutton, R. I. (1997). Organizational performance as a dependent variable. Organization Science, 8, 698-706.
March, J. and Olsen, J. (Eds.), (1976). Ambiguity and choice in organizations. Bergen, (Norway): Universitetsforlaget.
Martin, J. (1992). Cultures in organizations: three perspectives. New York: Oxford University Press.
Organizational culture: mapping the terrain. (2002). New York: Sage.
Martínez, M. y Jiménez, N. (2003). Simens Colombia: división transformadores. En M. Vargas, F. Malaver y A. Zerda (Eds.), La innovación tecnológica en la industria colombiana. Bogotá: CEJA.
Meyer, J. W. and Rowan, B. (1977). Institutionalized organizations: Formal structures as myth and ceremony. American Journal of Sociology, 83, 340-363.
Mobley, W. H.; Wang, L. and Fang, K. (2005). Organizational culture: measuring and developing it in your organization. Harvard Business Review China, March, 128-139.
O'Reilly, C. A.; Chatman, J. and Caldwell, D. F. (1991). People and organizational culture: A profile comparisons approach to assessing person-organization fit. Academy of Management Journal, 34, 487-516.
Ogliastri, E., McMillen, C., Arias, M.E., Bustamante, C., Dávila, C., Dorfman, P., de la Coletta, M.F., Fimmen, C., Ickis, J., and Martínez, S. (1999). Cultura and liderazgo organizacional en diez países de América Latina: estudio Globe. Academia. Revista Latinoamericana de Administración, 22, 29-57.
Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económico (OCDE), (1996). Manual de Frascati: medición de actividades científicas y tecnológicas. París: autor.
Ouchi, W. (1981). Theory Z: How American business can meet the Japanese challenge. Reading: Addison-Wesley.
Wilkins, A. L. (1985). Organizational culture. Annual Review of Sociology, 11, 457-483.
Oyserman, D.; Coon, H. M. and Kemmelmeier, M. (2002). Rethinking individualism and collectivism: Evaluation of theoretical assumptions and meta-analyses. Psychological Bulletin, 128 (1), 3-72.
Pettigrew, A. (1979). On studying organizational culture. Administrative Science Quarterly, 24, 570-581.
Portafolio (2010). Cómo fortalecer las organizaciones. Recuperado el 1 de junio de 2010, de http://www.comunicacionorganizacional.com
Ricardo, R. y Gómez, I. (2008). Perfil cultural y desempeño organizacional en empresas bogotanas. Revista Gestión Pública y Empresarial, 7 (12), 133-158.
Rousseau, J. (1990). Ethnic identity and social life in stratified society. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Sathe, V. (1985). Culture and related corporate realities: Text, cases, and readings on organizational entry, establishment, and chance. Homewood (IL): Irwin.
Selznick, P. (1957). Leadership and administration. Evanson, IL: Row and Peterson.
Schein, E. (1985). Organizational culture and leadership. San Francisco. Jossey-Bass.
Organizational culture. (1990). American Psychologist, 45, 109-119.
Schneider, B.; Hanges, P. J.; Smith, D. B. and Salvaggio, A. N. (2003). Which come first: employee attitudes or organizational financial and market performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88 (5), 836-851.
Siehl, C. and Martin, J. (1984). The role of symbolic management: how can managers effectively transmit organizational culture? En J. D. Hunt, D. Hosking, C. Schriesheim and R. Steward (Eds.), Leaders and managers: international perspectives on managerial behavior and leadership pp. 227-239). New York: Pergamon.
Smereck, R. and Denison, D. (2007). Social capital in organizations: understanding the link to firm performance. Documento procedente del Annual Meeting of Academy of Management, Filadelfia, Estados Unidos.
Trice, H. M and Beyer, J. M. (1993). The cultures of work organizations. Englewood Cliffs, (NY): Prentice Hall.
Weick, K. (1991). The vulnerable system: and analysis of Tenerife air disaster. En Frost, P. et al. (Eds.), Reframing organizational culture (pp. 117-130). Newbury Park (CA): Sage.
Cómo citar
Martínez Avella, M. E. (2010). Relaciones entre cultura y desempeño organizacional en una muestra de empresas colombianas: reflexiones sobre la utilización del modelo de Denison. Cuadernos De Administración, 23(40). https://doi.org/10.11144/Javeriana.cao23-40.recd
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