Organizational learning (OL) is currently broadly acknowledged as a strategic resource for improving organizational competitiveness and, since the beginning of the 1990s, it has constituted one of the topics of research with most projection in the discipline strategic management. Under that premise, this paper proposes studying the OL concept. To do so, it first analyzes the different schools of thought defined in OL. Next, it identifies and defines each one of the dimensions essential to OL. Then, it proceeds with the empirical aspects, analyzing the data from the obtained sample. Results reveal that the limits between the management school of thought and the learning process school of thought are not as clear cut as the conceptual experts for each school advocate. The above conclusion is drawn based on the component management being more preponderant in the learning process school of thought than the importance the theory had first granted it.