Aproximación metodológica para la innovación y transformación digital de los procesos de negocio. Un caso de estudio
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may 27, 2022
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Resumen
Los procesos de negocio son la columna vertebral de cualquier organización y su innovación es uno de factores críticos para lograr los objetivos de la transformación digital. Existen diferentes enfoques metodológicos para la mejora de procesos como son la reingeniería, lean, seis sigma, los cuales inicialmente no fueron desarrollados para soportar la transformación digital de los procesos. En este artículo se propone una aproximación metodológica para la innovación y transformación digital de los procesos que consta de cuatro fases: alineación estratégica, diagnóstico y análisis del estado actual, innovación del proceso y transformación digital del proceso. En cada fase se proponen actividades y herramientas que tienen como base los enfoques BPM (Business Process Management) y design thinking, combinadas con otras desarrolladas por el autor. Esta metodología se aplica en un caso de estudio para la innovación de un proceso de una compañía del sector eléctrico en Colombia.
Keywords
Transformación digital, innovación de procesos, BPM, pensamiento de diseñoDigital transformation, process innovation, BPM, design thinkingTransformação digital, inovação de processos, BPM, design thinking
References
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Dumas, M., La Rosa M., Mendling J., & Reijer, H., (2018). Fundamentals of Business Process Management. Berlin: Springer.
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Romero, D., Flores, M. , Herrera, M., & Resendez, H. (2019). Five Management Pillars for Digital Transformation Integrating the Lean Thinking Philosophy (pp. 1-8). IEEE International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Innovation (ICE/ITMC).
Rojko. (2017). Industry 4.0 Concept: Background and Overview. Nuremberg,ECPE European Center for Power Electronics e.V., Germany
Singh, S. (1997). Control Total de Calidad. McGraw-Hill.
Stamatis, D. (2004). Six Sigma Fundamentals. Florida: CRC Press.
Stojanović, D. (2017). Digital economy and business process transformation: Challenges and risks. Economy: Theory and practice, 10. 80-90, https://doi.org/10.5937/etp1701080S
Tay, H. L., & Loh, H. S. (2021). Digital transformations and supply chain management: a Lean Six Sigma perspective. Journal of Asia Business Studies, 16, 340-343 https://doi.org/10.1108/JABS-10-2020-0415
Paschou, T., Adrodegari, F., Rapaccini M., Saccani N., & Perona M. (2018). Towards Service 4.0: a new framework and research priorities, Procedia CIRP, 73, 148-154, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2018.03.300
Vakulenko, D., & Kravets, A. (2021). Reengineering of business processes of agroindustrial enterprises in conditions of through digital transformation, Vestnik. Computer Sciences and Informatics, 3, 115–125, https://doi.org/10.24143/2072-9502-2021-3-115-125
Vukšić, V., Ivančić, L., & Vugec, D. (2018). A preliminary literature review of digital transformation case studies. International Journal of Computer and Information Engineering, 12, 737-742. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1474581
Walker, M. (2018). Revaluación de la transformación digital. El cambio obligatorio en la cultura y los procesos. Harvard Business Review. https://www.redhat.com/cms/managed-files/cm-harvard-business-review-digital-transformation-pulse-survey-f14828-201901-es.pdf
Womack J., & Jones, D. (2003). Lean thinking. New York: Free Press.
Viola, N. et al. (2012) Functional Analysis in Systems Engineering: Methodology and Applications. Systems Engineering - practice and theory. InTech. Rijeka.
Blosch, M., Osmond, N., & Norton D. (2016). Enterprise architects combine Design Thinking, Lean Startup and Agile to Drive Digital Innovation. https://www.gartner.com/en/documents/3200917
Butt, J. (2020). A conceptual framework to support digital transformation in manufacturing using an Integrated Business Process Management Approach. Designs, 4, 1-38 https://doi.org/10.3390/designs4030017
Cámara de Comercio de Santiago & PMG (2019). Desafíos en la evolución de las empresas hacia la transformación digital. https://www.pmgchile.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Paper-ITD-VF.pdf
Cereja, J., Santoro, F., Gorbacheva, E., & Matzner, M. (2018). Application of the Design Thinking Approach to Process Redesign at an Insurance Company in Brazil. En: J. vom Brocke, & J. Mendling (eds) Business Process Management Cases. (pp. 5-12) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58307-5
Culot, G., Nassimbeni, G., Orzes, G., & Sartor, M. (2020). Behind the definition of Industry 4.0: Analysis and open questions. International Journal of Production Economics, 226, 1-26 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2020.107617
Curedale, L. (2019). Design Thinking Process & Methods. California: Design Community College.
Dumas, M., La Rosa M., Mendling J., & Reijer, H., (2018). Fundamentals of Business Process Management. Berlin: Springer.
Fischer, M., Imgrund, F., Janiesch, C., & Winkelmann, A. (2020). Strategy archetypes for digital transformation: Defining meta objectives using business process management. Information & Management, 57, 1-13 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2019.103262
Gomes, S., Santoro, F., & Silva, M. (2020). An Ontology for BPM in Digital Transformation and Innovation. International Journal of Information System Modeling and Design, 11, 52-77. https://doi.org/10.4018/IJISMD.2020040103
Guha, S., & Kettinger, W. J. (1993). Business process reengineering. Information Systems Management, 10, 13–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/10580539308906939
Hammer, M. (1990). Reengineering work. Harvard Business Review, 68, 104–112. https://hbr.org/1990/07/reengineering-work-dont-automate-obliterate
Hammer, M., & Champy, J. (1994). Reengineering the Corporation. Boston, Harpercollins
Harmon, P. (2019). Business Process Change. San Francisco: Morgan Kaufmann.
Jens R., (2018). Service 4.0 paves the way for technology support transformation. IBM White paper. https://www.ibm.com/blogs/services/2018/10/02/service-4-0-paves-the-way-for-technology-support-transformation
Kolko J. (2015). Design Thinking Comes of Age. Harvard Business Review, 15, 66–71. https://hbr.org/2015/09/design-thinking-comes-of-age
Julião, J., & Gaspar, M. (2021). Lean thinking in service digital transformation, International Journal of Lean Six Sigma, 12, 784-799. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJLSS-11-2020-0192
Karabegovi, L., Karabegovi, E., Mahmi, M., & Husak, E. (2020). Implementation of industry 4.0 and industrial robots in the manufacturing processes. En: Karabegovi, I. (ed.) NT 2019 (vol. 76, pp. 3–14). LNNS.
Kane G., Palmer, A., Phillips, D., Kiron, Buckley N., (2016). Aligning the Organization for Its Digital Future, MIT Sloan Management Review. https://sloanreview.mit.edu/projects/aligning-for-digital-future/
Looy, A. (2020). Adding Intelligent Robots to Business Processes: A Dilemma Analysis of Employees. Attitudes. Business Process Management (pp. 435-452), 18th International Conference. En Lecture Notes in Computer Science.
Ludacka, F., Duell, J., & Waibel, P. (2021) Digital Transformation of Global Accounting at Deutsche Bahn Group: The Case of the TIM BPM Suite. En: vom Brocke J., Mendling J., & Rosemann M. (Eds.) Business Process Management Cases, Vol. 2. Springer.
OECD/Eurostat (2018), Oslo Manual 2018: Guidelines for Collecting, Reporting and Using Data on Innovation, 4th Edition, The Measurement of Scientific, Technological and Innovation Activities, OECD Publishing.
Paper, D., Rodger, J., & Pendharker, P. (2001) A BPR case study at Honeywell. Business Process Management Journal, 7(2), 85-99. https://doi.org/10.1108/14637150110389416
Randhawa, K., Nikolova, N., Ahuja, S., & Schweitzer, J. (2021). Design Thinking Implementation for Innovation: An Organization's Journey to Ambidexterity. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 11, 62-70, https://doi.org/10.1111/jpim.12599
Reis J., Amorim, M., Melão, N., & Matos, P. (2018). Digital transformation: a literature review and guidelines for future research. En: Trends and Advances in Information Systems and Technologies. WorldCIST'18 2018. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 745, 411–421.
Romero, D., Flores, M. , Herrera, M., & Resendez, H. (2019). Five Management Pillars for Digital Transformation Integrating the Lean Thinking Philosophy (pp. 1-8). IEEE International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Innovation (ICE/ITMC).
Rojko. (2017). Industry 4.0 Concept: Background and Overview. Nuremberg,ECPE European Center for Power Electronics e.V., Germany
Singh, S. (1997). Control Total de Calidad. McGraw-Hill.
Stamatis, D. (2004). Six Sigma Fundamentals. Florida: CRC Press.
Stojanović, D. (2017). Digital economy and business process transformation: Challenges and risks. Economy: Theory and practice, 10. 80-90, https://doi.org/10.5937/etp1701080S
Tay, H. L., & Loh, H. S. (2021). Digital transformations and supply chain management: a Lean Six Sigma perspective. Journal of Asia Business Studies, 16, 340-343 https://doi.org/10.1108/JABS-10-2020-0415
Paschou, T., Adrodegari, F., Rapaccini M., Saccani N., & Perona M. (2018). Towards Service 4.0: a new framework and research priorities, Procedia CIRP, 73, 148-154, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2018.03.300
Vakulenko, D., & Kravets, A. (2021). Reengineering of business processes of agroindustrial enterprises in conditions of through digital transformation, Vestnik. Computer Sciences and Informatics, 3, 115–125, https://doi.org/10.24143/2072-9502-2021-3-115-125
Vukšić, V., Ivančić, L., & Vugec, D. (2018). A preliminary literature review of digital transformation case studies. International Journal of Computer and Information Engineering, 12, 737-742. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1474581
Walker, M. (2018). Revaluación de la transformación digital. El cambio obligatorio en la cultura y los procesos. Harvard Business Review. https://www.redhat.com/cms/managed-files/cm-harvard-business-review-digital-transformation-pulse-survey-f14828-201901-es.pdf
Womack J., & Jones, D. (2003). Lean thinking. New York: Free Press.
Viola, N. et al. (2012) Functional Analysis in Systems Engineering: Methodology and Applications. Systems Engineering - practice and theory. InTech. Rijeka.
Cómo citar
Aguirre Mayorga, H. S. (2022). Aproximación metodológica para la innovación y transformación digital de los procesos de negocio. Un caso de estudio. Cuadernos De Administración, 35. https://doi.org/10.11144/Javeriana.cao35.amitd
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Especial Transformación Digital en Tiempos de Crisis
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