Consumo estatutario y desigualdad económica
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La desigualdad económica provoca múltiples consecuencias psicosociales. El objetivo principal de este trabajo es identificar la relación entre la desigualdad económica objetiva (GINI) y percibida (PDE) con el consumo estatutario, el materialismo y el endeudamiento. Además, se analiza la búsqueda de estatus como posible mediador entre la desigualdad (objetiva/percibida) y el consumo estatutario, así como se explora el rol de la percepción de justicia en la distribución de recursos en esta relación. Se utiliza un diseño ex-post-facto retrospectivo de medidas múltiples. Los datos se recogieron mediante un cuestionario autoadministrado en dos contextos diferentes: Colombia (N= 217) y España (N=119). Los resultados mostraron que la relación entre la desigualdad objetiva y la preferencia por productos estatutarios, está mediada por la búsqueda de estatus (B = 0.10, SE = 0.03, 95 % IC = [0.0441, 0.1683]) y moderada por la percepción de justicia en la distribución de recursos (B = -0.25, SE = 0.10, t(322) = -2.49, p < 0.005). Estos resultados muestran cómo las preferencias de consumo están influenciadas no solo por variables psicológicas, sino también por variables ideológicas y económicas de carácter estructural, siendo importante manipular la desigualdad económica en diferentes escenarios para analizar si los resultados se mantienen a nivel causal.
Economic inequality, status consumption, status seeking, indebtedness, legitimacyDesigualdad económica, consumo estatutario, búsqueda de estatus, endeudamiento, legitimidad de la desigualdad
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