Palabras clave
validación de prueba
precisión de prueba
análisis factorial
evaluación psicológica
Cómo citar
Resumen
La Escala de Locus de Control (ELOCUS) es un nuevo instrumento de autoinforme para medir las expectativas generalizadas de control en adultos. Se presentan evidencias de validez basadas en la estructura interna de este instrumento. 1324 participantes, mayores de 18 años (M = 37.7 años; DT = 12.8), completaron un cuestionario sociodemográfico y ELOCUS virtualmente. Los análisis fueron Análisis Factorial Exploratorio (EFA) y Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio (CFA) utilizando la muestra completa. Se encontró una solución de dos factores, consistente con el marco teórico, y todos los índices de ajuste fueron satisfactorios. Los coeficientes de consistencia interna fueron adecuados: Fiabilidad compuesta (CC), alfa de Cronbach y omega de McDonald para locus externo de 0.89, 0.83 y 0.84 y para locus interno de 0.96, 0.94 y 0.94 respectivamente. Así, ELOCUS presentó evidencia satisfactoria basada en la estructura interna. Se discuten las limitaciones de este estudio y sugerencias para estudios futuros.
Ahlin, E. M., & Antunes, M. J. L. (2015). Locus of control orientation: Parents, peers, and place. J Youth Adolescence 44, 1803–1818. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-015-0253-9
Asparouhov, T., & Muthen, B. (2010). Simple second order chi-square correction. Unpublished manuscript. Retrieved from https://www.statmodel.com/download/WLSMV_new_chi21.pdf.
Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavior change. Psychological Review, 84, 191-215. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.84.2.191
Author. (2021). The Dark Core of personality: Individual’s expression of locus of control and spirituality. Primenjena psihologija, 14(4), 465-481. https://doi.org/10.19090/pp.2021.4.465-481
Brown, T. A. (2015). Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research. 2nd ed. The Guilford Press.
Cheng, C., Cheung, S., Chio, J. H., & Chan, M. S. (2012). Cultural meaning of perceived control: A meta-analysis of locus of control and psychological symptoms across 18 cultural regions. Psychological Bulletin, 139(1), 152-188. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0028596
Colwell, S. R. (2016). The composite reliability calculator. Technical Report. doi: 10.13140/RG.2.1.4298.088.
Connolly, S. G. (1980). Changing expectancies: A counselling model based on locus of control. The Personnel and Guidance Journal, 59(3), 176-180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2164-4918.1980.tb00525.x
Author. (2021). Estrutura interna e fidedignidade das escalas de locus de controle: uma scoping review. Manuscript submitted for publication.
Author. (2021). Construção e evidências de validade baseadas no conteúdo para a Escala de Locus de Controle (ELOCUS). Manuscript submitted for publication.
Cudeck, R. (2000). Exploratory factor analysis. In H. E. A. Tinsley & S. D. Brown (Eds.), Handbook of applied multivariate statistics and mathematical modeling (pp. 265-296). Academic Press.
Damásio, B. F., Dutra, D. F., & Baptista, M. N. (2021). Análise Fatorial Exploratória (AFE) e Teoria de Resposta ao Item via software FACTOR. In C. Faiad, M. N. Baptista & R. Primi (Orgs). Tutoriais em análise de dados aplicados à Psicometria. Vetor.
Dilmaghani, M. (2019). Education and religious decline: evidence from the Canadian compulsory schooling laws. Education Economics, 27(3), 287-307, https://doi.org/10.1080/09645292.2019.1580349
Ferrando, P. J. (2021). Seven decades of factor analysis: from Yela to the present day. Psicothema, 33(3), 378-385. https://doi.org/10.7334/psicothema2021.24
Ferrando, P. J., & Anguiano-Carrasco, C. (2010). El análisis factorial como técnica de investigación en psicología. Papeles del Psicólogo, 31, 18-33.
Ferrando, P. J., & Lorenzo-Seva, U. (2017). Program FACTOR at 10: origins, development and future directions. Psicothema, 29(2), 236-241. https://doi.org/10.7334/psicothema2016.304
Ferrando, P. J., & Lorenzo-Seva U. (2018). Assessing the quality and appropriateness of factor solutions and factor score estimates in exploratory item factor analysis. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 78, 762-780. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164417719308
Giumbelli, E. (2021). Sentidos da cultura em suas relações com a religião: Políticas culturais e diversidade religiosa no Brasil. DADOS, 64 (4), e20190229. https://doi.org/10.1590/dados.2021.64.4.252
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2018). Multivariate data analysis (8th ed.). Cengage.
Hauck-Filho, N. (2019). Editorial. Avaliação Psicológica 18(1). http://dx.doi.org/10.15689/ap.2019.1801.ed
Hayes, A. F., & Coutts, J. J. (2020) Use Omega Rather than Cronbach’s Alpha for Estimating Reliability. But…, Communication Methods and Measures, 14(1), 1-24, https://doi.org/10.1080/19312458.2020.1718629
Horst, S. J., & Jacovidis, J. N. (2018). Locus of control. In B. B. Frey (Ed.), The Sage encyclopedia of educational, research, measurement, and evaluation (p. 989). Sage Publications. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781506326139.n401
Hungerman, D. M. (2013). The effect of education on religion: Evidence from compulsory schooling laws. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 104, 52–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2013.09.004
Klonowicz, T. (2001). Discontented people: reactivity and locus of control as determinants of subjective well-being. European Journal of Personality, 15(1), 29–47. https://doi.org/10.1002/per.387
Levenson, H. (1973). Multidimensional locus of control in psychiatric patients. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 41, 397-404. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0035357
Levenson, H. (1974). Activism and powerful others: Distinctions within the concept of internal-external control, Journal of Personality Assessment, 38 (4), 377-383. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223891.1974.10119988
Lloret, S., Ferreres, A., Hernández, A., & Tomás, I. (2017). El análisis factorial exploratorio de los ítems: análisis guiado según los datos empíricos y el software. Anales de Psicología / Annals of Psychology, 33(2), 417–432. https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.33.2.270211
Lorenzo-Seva, U., & Ferrando, P. J. (2019). Robust Promin: a method for diagonally weighted factor rotation. Technical report, URV. Tarragona, Spain.
Masuda, K., & Yudhistira, M. H. (2020). Does education secularize the Islamic population? The effect of years of schooling on religiosity, voting, and pluralism in Indonesia. World Development, 130, 104915. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.104915
Muthén, L. K., & Muthén, B. O. (2017). Mplus User’s Guide (8th ed): Muthén & Muthén.
Nowicki, S. (2016). Choice or chance: understanding your locus of control and why it matters. Prometheus Books.
Nowicki, S., & Duke, M. P. (1974). A locus of control scale for noncollege as well as college adults. Journal of Personality Assessment 38(2), 136–137. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223891.1974.10119950
Raykov, T. (1997). Estimation of composite reliability for congeneric measures. Applied Psychological Measurement, 21(2), 173-184. https://doi.org/10.1177/01466216970212006
R Core Team (2021). R: A Language and environment for statistical computing. (Version 4.0) [Computer software]. Retrieved from https://cran.r-project.org. (R packages retrieved from MRAN snapshot 2021-04-01).
Reckase, M. D. (1985). The difficulty of test items that measure more than one ability. Applied Psychological Measurement, 9, 401-412. https://doi.org/10.1177/014662168500900409
Reid, D., & Ware, E. E. (1974). Multidimensionality of internal versus external control: Addition of a third dimension and non-distinction of self versus others. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science / Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement, 6(2), 131-142. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0081862
Revelle, W. (2019). psych: Procedures for Psychological, Psychometric, and Personality Research. [R package]. Retrieved from https://cran.r-project.org/package=psych.
Revelle, W., & Zinbarg, R. E. (2009). Coefficients alpha, beta, omega, and the glb: Comments on Sijtsma. Psychometrika, 74(1), 145–154. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11336-008-9102-z
Rotter, J. B. (1966). Generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement. Psychological Monographs: General and Applied, 80(1), 1-28. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0092976
Silva, W. S. (2009). O pensamento social, o Brasil e a religião (ID: bps-791n). [Tese de Doutorado, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo]. BVSPS, FIOCRUZ
Sijtsma, K. (2009). On the use, the misuse, and the very limited usefulness of Cronbach’s alpha. Psychometrika, 74(1) 107–120. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11336-008-9101-0
Skinner, E. A. (1996). A guide to constructs of control. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71, 549– 570. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.71.3.549
Suárez-Álvarez, J., García-Cueto, E., Pedrosa, I., & Muñiz, J. (2015). Bifactorial structure of locus of control cross-culturally invariant across Spain, Chile and United Kingdom. Actualidades en Psicología, 29(119), 91–102. https://doi.org/10.15517/ap.v29i119.18494
Suárez-Álvarez, J., Pedrosa, I., García-Cueto, E., & Muñiz, J. (2016). Locus of Control revisited: development of a new bi-dimensional measure. Anales de Psicología, 32(2), 578-586. https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.32.2.200781
Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2012). Using Multivariate Statistics (6th. ed.). Pearson.
The jamovi project (2021). jamovi. (Version 1.8) [Computer Software]. Retrieved from https://www.jamovi.org.
Timmerman, M. E., & Lorenzo-Seva, U. (2011). Dimensionality Assessment of Ordered Polytomous Items with Parallel Analysis. Psychological Methods, 16, 209-220. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0023353
Valentini, F., & Damásio, B. F. (2017). Variância média extraída e confiabilidade composta: indicadores de precisão. Psicologia: Teoria E Pesquisa, 32(2). Retrieved from https://periodicos.unb.br/index.php/revistaptp/article/view/17999
Watkins, M. W. (2018). Exploratory factor analysis: A guide to best practice. Journal of Black Psychology, 44(3), 219-246. https://doi.org/10.1177/0095798418771807
Yu, X., & Fan, G. (2016). Direct and indirect relationship between locus of control and depression. Journal of health psychology, 21(7), 1293–1298. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105314551624
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
Derechos de autor 2025 Leila Maria Ferreira Couto, Bruno Bonfá-Araujo, Makilim Nunes Baptista