Resumen
El compromiso es un constructo fundamental para comprender la estabilidad y la duración de las relaciones románticas. Por lo tanto, identificar las variables que predicen el compromiso es esencial para entender la dinámica relacional. Este estudio examina los factores predictivos del compromiso, incluyendo la satisfacción, la inversión, la comunicación, las estrategias de mantenimiento y la paternidad. A través de un diseño cuantitativo, no experimental y transversal, se recopilaron datos de 81 participantes. El análisis de regresión lineal múltiple reveló que el modelo propuesto explicó el 71 % de la varianza en el compromiso. Sin embargo, solo la satisfacción fue un predictor significativo en el modelo inicial. Para considerar el tamaño reducido de la muestra, se realizó un análisis de bootstrapping, que destacó la significancia de la inversión y la paternidad, hallazgos que no se habían observado en el modelo paramétrico. Los resultados de este estudio sugieren que una mayor satisfacción, una mayor inversión y la paternidad fortalecen significativamente el compromiso en parejas puertorriqueñas. Estos hallazgos subrayan la importancia del bienestar emocional, las inversiones compartidas y la dinámica familiar en la consolidación de relaciones duraderas. Se recomienda para futuras investigaciones exploren estas relaciones en muestras más amplias y diversas para profundizar en la comprensión de las dinámicas del compromiso en distintos contextos culturales.
Agnew, C. R., & VanderDrift, L. E. (2018). Commitment processes in personal relationships. En A. L. Vangelisti & D. Perlman (Eds.), The Cambridge handbook of personal relationships (pp. 437–448). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316417867.034
Apostolou, M., & Kagialis, A. (2025). What makes parenthood rewarding: An exploratory analysis of perceived advantages of having children. Evolutionary Psychological Science, 11(2), 183–194. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40806-025-00436-4
Ato, M., López-García, J. J., & Benavente, A. (2013). Un sistema de clasificación de los diseños de investigación en psicología. Anales de Psicología, 29(3), 1038 1059. https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.29.3.178511
Bogdan, I., Turliuc, M. N., & Candel, O. S. (2022). Transition to parenthood and marital satisfaction: A meta-analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 901362. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.901362
Bradbury, T. N., & Karney, B. R. (2019). Intimate relationships (3rd ed.). W. W. Norton & Company.
Bühler, J. L., Krauss, S., & Orth, U. (2021). Development of relationship satisfaction across the life span: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 147(10), 1012–1053. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000342
Chandler, K. R., Don, B. P., Jolink, T. A., Murphy, B. P., & Algoe, S. B. (2023). Making the future a reality: Commitment assurances and time investment in daily life. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 41(1), 225–246. https://doi.org/10.1177/02654075231212199
Coy, A. E., Davis, J. L., Green, J. D., & Etcheverry, P. E. (2019). A dyadic model of investments: Partner effects on commitment. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 36(11-12), 3471–3491. https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407518822783
Davis, B. A., & Weigel, D. J. (2019). Cognitive interdependence and the everyday expression of commitment. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 37(3), 1008–1029. https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407519884640
Davison, A. C., & Hinkley, D. V. (1997). Bootstrap methods and their application. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511802843
Dobrowolska, M., Groyecka-Bernard, A., Sorokowski, P., Randall, A. K., Hilpert, P., Ahmadi, K., Alghraibeh, A. M., Aryeetey, R., Bertoni, A., Bettache, K., Błażejewska, M., Bodenmann, G., Bortolini, T. S., Bosc, C., Butovskaya, M., Castro, F. N., Cetinkaya, H., Cunha, D., David, D., … Sorokowska, A. (2020). Global perspective on marital satisfaction. Sustainability, 12(21), 8817. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12218817
Doss, B. D., Rhoades, G. K., Stanley, S. M., & Markman, H. J. (2009). The effect of the transition to parenthood on relationship quality: An 8-year prospective study. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 96(3), 601–619. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0013969
Efron, B., & Tibshirani, R. J. (1994). An introduction to the bootstrap. Chapman & Hall/CRC.
Escobar-Mota, G., Sánchez-Aragón, R., & Lavalle, D. (2019). Adaptación y validación de la escala del modelo de inversión en población mexicana. Psicología Iberoamericana, 27(1), 31–40. https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=133960951005
Etikan, I., Musa, S. A., & Alkassim, R. S. (2015). Comparison of convenience sampling and purposive sampling. American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics, 5(1), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtas.20160501.11
Gold, A. I., Ryjova, Y., Aviv, E. C., Corner, G. W., Rasmussen, H. F., Kim, Y., & Margolin, G. (2024). Social contributions to meaning in life: The role of romantic relationship quality, parenting, and gender. Frontiers in Psychology, 15, 1349642. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1349642
Google LLC. (2025a). Google Forms [Formulario en línea]. Google. https://forms.google.com
Google LLC. (2025b). Google Drive [Servicio de almacenamiento en la nube]. Google. https://drive.google.com
Hamel, K., Abdelmaseh, M., & Bohr, Y. (2023). An exploration of parenting styles, cultura values, and infant development in a sample of Latin American immigrants in Canada. Infant Mental Health Journal, 44(3), 319–334. https://doi.org/10.1002/imhj.22035
Haslam, S. A., & McGarty, C. (2018). Research methods and statistics in psychology (3rd eds.). Sage Publication.
Heim, C., & Heim, C. (2023). “How did you stay together so long?” Relationship longevity, a cross-generational qualitative study. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 49(4), 781–801. https://doi.org/10.1111/jmft.12656
Hernández-Sampieri, R., & Mendoza, C. P. (2018). Metodología de la investigación: Las rutas cuantitativa, cualitativa y mixta. McGraw-Hill Education. https://bellasartes.upn.edu.co/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/METODOLOGIA-DE-LA-INVESTIGACION-Sampieri-Mendoza-2018.pdf
Hu, Y., Ogolsky, B. G., & Stafford, L. (2023). The role of individual‐ and interactive‐level relationship maintenance on married couples’ commitment. Personal Relationships, 30(4), 1426-1448. https://doi.org/10.1111/pere.12517
Joel, S., Eastwick, P. W., Allison, C. J., Arriaga, X. B., Baker, Z. G., Bar-Kalifa, E., Bergeron, S., Birnbaum, G., Brock, R. L., Brumbaugh, C. C., Carmichael, C. L., Chen, S., Clarke, J., Cobb, R. J., Coolsen, M. K., Davis, J., de Jong, D. C., Debrot, A., DeHaas, E. C., … Wolf, S. (2020). Machine learning uncovers the most robust self-report predictors of relationship quality across 43 longitudinal couples’ studies. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 117(32), 19061–19071. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1917036117
Johnson, M. D., Somerville, S. D., Galambos, N. L., & Krahn, H. J. (2019). Stuck in the middle with you: Predictors of commitment in midlife. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 44(3), 273–278. https://doi.org/10.1177/0165025419885025
Johnson, M. P. (1991). Commitment to personal relationships. En W. H. Jones & D. W. Perlman (Eds.), Advances in personal relationships (pp. 117–143). Jessica Kingsley.
Le, B., & Agnew, C. R. (2003). Commitment and its theorized determinants: A meta-analysis of the investment model. Personal Relationships, 10(1), 37–57. https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-6811.00035
Levin, K. A. (2006). Study design III: Cross-sectional studies. Evidence-Based Dentistry, 7(1), 24–25. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ebd.6400375
Levinger, G. (1996). ¿Comprometerse en una relación? El papel del deber, la atracción y las barreras. Revista Psicología Contemporánea, 1(1), 30–39.
Lewin, K. (1951). Field theory in social science: Selected theoretical papers. Harpers.
Lin, G.-X., Mikolajczak, M., Keller, H., Akgun, E., Arikan, G., Aunola, K., Barham, E., Besson, E., Blanchard, M. A., Boujut, E., Brianda, M. E., Brytek-Matera, A., César, F., Chen, B.-B., Dorard, G., Dos Santos Elias, L. C., Dunsmuir, S., Egorova, N., Escobar, M. J., … Roskam, I. (2023). Parenting culture(s): Ideal-parent beliefs across 37 countries. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 54(1), 4–24. https://doi.org/10.1177/00220221221123043
Lin, L., Guo, H., Duan, L., He, L., Wu, C., Lin, Z., & Sun, J. (2022). Research on the relationship between marital commitment, sacrifice behavior, and marital quality of military couples. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 964167. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.964167
Machia, L. V., Agnew, C. R., & Arriaga, X. B. (Eds.). (2022). Interdependence, interaction, and close relationships. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108645836
Nina-Estrella, R. (2013). Amor, estrategias de mantenimiento, comunicación y satisfacción marital: Ejes centrales de la calidad marital. En Sociedad Interamericana de Psicología (Ed.), Anales de la Sociedad Interamericana de Psicología (pp. 1157–1168). Sociedad Interamericana de Psicología. https://www.academia.edu/31668101/Nina_R_2013_SIP_editores_Amor_Estrategias_de_mantenimiento_Comunicaci%C3%B3n_y_Satisfacci%C3%B3n_marital_ejes_centrales_de_la_calidad_marital_1157_1168pp_Anales_de_la_Sociedad_Interamericana_de_Psicolog%C3%ADa
Nina-Estrella, R., & Ortiz-Ortiz, Y. (2022). Dinámicas relacionales en la pareja puertorriqueña. Psicología desde el Caribe, 39(2), 80-95. https://doi.org/10.14482/psdc.39.2.155.6
Nomaguchi, K., & Milkie, M. A. (2020). Parenthood and well-being: A decade in review. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 82(1), 198–223. https://doi.org/10.1111/jomf.12646
Ogolsky, B. G., & Monk, J. K. (Eds). (2019). Relationship maintenance: Theory, process, and context. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108304320
Ogolsky, B. G., & Stafford, L. (2023). A systematic review of relationship maintenance: Reflecting back and looking to the future. Personal Relationships, 30(1), 19–43. https://doi.org/10.1111/pere.12429
Palinkas, L. A., Horwitz, S. M., Green, C. A., Wisdom, J. P., Duan, N., & Hoagwood, K. (2015). Purposeful sampling for qualitative data collection and analysis in mixed method implementation research. Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research, 42(5), 533–544. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10488-013-0528-y
Pinto, T. M., Míguez, M. C., & Figueiredo, B. (2023). Couple’s relationship during the transition to parenthood and toddler’s emotional and behavioral problems. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(1), 882. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010882
Pope, A. L., & Cashwell, C. S. (2012). Moral commitment in intimate committed relationships: A conceptualization from cohabiting same-sex and opposite-sex partners. The Family Journal, 21(1), 5–14. https://doi.org/10.1177/1066480712456671
Rashid, A., Qureshi, M. S., Ahmed, I., Qureshi, M. I., & Qazi, W. (2025). Impact of parenting styles on commitment in romantic relationships and self-esteem among young adults. Journal of Psychology, Health and Social Challenges, 3(3), 33–38. https://doi.org/10.63075/wr1m7535
Rothwell, J. T., & Davoodi, T. (2024). Parent–child relationship quality predicts higher subjective well-being in adulthood across a diverse group of countries. Communications Psychology, 2(1), 110. https://doi.org/10.1038/s44271-024-00161-x
Rusbult, C. E. (1980). Commitment and satisfaction in romantic associations: A test of investment model. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 16(2), 172–186. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1031(80)90007-4
Rusbult, C. E. (1983). A longitudinal test of the investment model: The development (and deterioration) of satisfaction and commitment in heterosexual involvements. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 45(1), 101–117. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.45.1.101
Sánchez-Aragón, R., & Díaz-Loving, R. (2010). Evaluación del ciclo de acercamiento-alejamiento. En R. Díaz-Loving & S. Rivera-Aragón (Eds.), Antología psicosocial de la pareja: Clásicos y contemporáneos (pp. 35–87). UNAM; Miguel Ángel Porrúa.
Stanley, S. (2021, June 21). Me, you, and us: We-ness and couple identity. Institute for Family Studies. https://ifstudies.org/blog/me-you-and-us-we-ness-and-couple-identity
Stanley, S. M., & Markman, H. J. (1992). Assessing commitment in personal relationships. Journal of Marriage & Family, 54(3), 595–608. https://doi.org/10.2307/353245
Stanley, S. M., Rhoades, G. K., & Whitton, S. W. (2010). Commitment: Functions, formation, and the securing of romantic attachment. Journal of Family Theory & Review, 2(4), 243-257. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-2589.2010.00060.x
Ter Kuile, H., Finkenauer, C., Van der Lippe, T., & Kluwer, E. S. (2021a). Changes in relationship commitment across the transition to parenthood: Pre-pregnancy happiness as a protective resource. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 622160. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.622160
Ter Kuile, H., Van der Lippe, T., & Kluwer, E. S. (2021b). Relational processes as predictors of relationship satisfaction trajectories across the transition to parenthood. Family Relations, 70(4), 1238–1252. https://doi.org/10.1111/fare.12546
Thibaut, J., & Kelley, H. (1959). The social psychology of groups. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315135007
Toma, A. M., Rusu, P. P., & Podina, I. R. (2022). The role of goal interdependence in couples relationship satisfaction: A meta-analysis. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 40(6), 1740–1769. https://doi.org/10.1177/02654075221128994
Tran, P., Judge, M., & Kashima, Y. (2019). Commitment in relationships: An updated meta-analysis of the investment model. Personal Relationships, 26(1), 158–180. https://doi.org/10.1111/pere.12268
VanderDrift, L. E., Agnew, C. R., & Wilson, J. E. (2014). Spanish version of the Investment Model Scale. Personal Relationships, 21(1), 110–124. https://doi.org/10.1111/pere.12016
Vangelisti, A. L., & Perlman, D. (Eds.). (2018). The Cambridge handbook of personal relationships. (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press.
Weigel, D. J. (2008). Mutuality and the communication of commitment in romantic relationships. Southern Communication Journal, 73(1), 24–41. https://doi.org/10.1080/10417940701815618
Weigel, D. J., & Ballard-Reisch, D. S. (2012). Constructing commitment in intimate relationships: Mapping interdependence in the everyday expressions of commitment. Communication Research, 41(3), 311–332. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650212440445
Weigel, D. J., Etopio, A. L., Shrout, M. R., & Evans, W. P. (2020). The everyday communication of commitment: Testing an integrated model of self-construal, cognition, affect, motivation, and communication. Western Journal of Communication, 84(4), 499–520. https://doi.org/10.1080/10570314.2020.1739324

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
Derechos de autor 2025 Ruth Nina-Estrella, Yamil Ortiz-Ortiz


