X-linked Hypophosphatemia and its Impact on Hard Tissues of the Oral Cavity. An Integrative Review
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Background: X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) is a rare genetic disease in which increased phosphate loss in the kidney leads to hypophosphatemia and prevents normal mineralization of bone and tooth hard tissues. Purpose: To analyze the impact that this genetic pathology has on dental and periodontal hard tissues such as dentin, cementum, and alveolar bone. Methods: An integrative review of literature was carried out, through PubMed and SciELO searches. The search terms were: X-linked hypophosphatemia, dental tissue, periodontium, dentin, enamel, cementum, and alveolar bone. The search was restricted to literature in Spanish and English published between 2000 and 2020. Results: Thirteen articles that reported the impact of hypophosphatemia on dental tissues, mainly on dentin and cementum, were included. A negative impact of hypophosphatemia on periodontal tissues was also reported, especially on alveolar bone. Conclusions: The findings show us that XLH alters the structure of oral cavity hard tissues, affecting the quality of life of patients. Further research on the effect and behavior of this pathology on hard tissues of the oral cavity as well as its behavior as a risk factor for the presence of dental and periodontal disease is necessary.
alveolar, bone, cement, dental tissue, dentine, enamel, oral pathology, orphan diseases, pathology, periodontium, rare diseases, X-linked hypophosphatemiacement, dentina, doenças órfãs, doenças raras, esmalte, hipofosfatemia ligada ao X, osso alveolar, patologia, patologia oral, periodonto, tecido dentáriocemento, dentina, enfermedades huérfanas, enfermedades raras, esmalte, hipofosfatemia ligada a X, hueso alveolar, patología, patología oral, periodonto, tejido dental
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