Como Citar
Resumo
Mutaciones en los genes que participanen el desarrollo del esmalte dental, como amelogenina (AMEL) y enamelina (ENAM) entre otras, causan amelogénesis imperfecta (AI). OBJETIVO: establecer las mutaciones presentes en el gen AMEL y el modo deherencia en una familia colombiana con AI. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: se realizó un pedigree de la familia, evaluación clínica y extracción del ADN de sangre periférica a los individuos participantes. La reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR) fue usada para amplificar los 7 exones del gen AMEL en el brazo corto del cromosoma X y análisis de SSCP fueron realizados en los exones 5 y 6. Electroforesis en gel de poliacrilamida al 6% no denaturantes fueron hechas. Para confirmar ausencia o presencia demutaciones se hizo secuenciamiento de los productos de PCR de los 7 exones. RESULTADOS: el análisis del pedigree mostró un mecanismo de herencia ligado a X y el fenotipo dental observado en los probandos, correspondió a un defecto de tipo hipoplásico. No se identificaron mutaciones en los siete exones del gen amelogenina. CONCLUSIÓN: esta condición tiene gran heterogeneidad genética y posiblemente el fenotipo encontrado esté más relacionado con mutaciones en otros genes concernientes a la formación del esmalte.
Mutations of the genes which participate in the enamel development such as amelogenine (AMEL) and enameline (ENAM) among others cause Amelogenesis Imperfecta (A.I). OBJECTIVES: Establish the mutations present in the AMEL gene and the means of inheritage in a Colombian family with A.I. MATERIALS AND METHODS: family pedigree, clinical evaluation and peripheric DNA genomic blood extraction was performed to each of the participating individuals. PCR was used to amplify the 7 exons of the amelogenine gene in the short arm of the X chromosome. SSCP analysis was carried out in the 5 and 6 exons. Gel electrophoresis with non denaturalizing 6% polyacrilamide were carried out to confirm the presence or absence of mutations in the AMEL gene, after which the sequencing of the 7 exon PCR products was performed. RESULTS: the pedigree analysis showed an X heritage linked mechanism. The dental phenotype observed in the proband corresponded to a hypoplastic type defect. There were no identified mutations at a molecular level in the 7 exons of the amelogenine gene. CONCLUSION: this condition has great genetic heterogeneticity and possibly the phenotype found is more related with mutations in other genes linked to the formation of the dental enamel.
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