Seed bank responses after clearcutting Pinus patula plantations in Andean high montane areas
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Dec 31, 2020
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Abstract
Clear cutting exotic plantations favours natural regeneration processes in which seed banks may play an important role. In Andean high montane areas, after Pinus patula clear cutting, changes in soil pH and litter lead to increased fauna and flora biodiversity. However, the impactof these changes on seed banks remains unknown. The aims of the present study were to understand how seed bank richness, abundance, and composition changes after p. patula clear cutting, and to identify the role of above ground cover, pH and litter cover on these seed bank variations. The study was conducted in three areas with different post-clear cutting ages (0,2.5,4.5 years), a p. patula plantation and in a high Andean forest patch. All these sites were located between 3033 and 3100 m.a.s.l. Seed bank abundance, richness and the number of seeds of the ten most abundant species increased in areas with 2.5 and 4.5 years after clear cutting. Moreover, seed bank composition was different among study areas. These changes were related to increasing above ground vegetation cover and soil pH, and to decreasing litter cover. Seed banks contributed almost exclusively to the recovery of some herbaceous species; were corded only one tree species recruit from the seed banks (Baccharislatifolia) in the forest soils; therefore, the natural regeneration processes may be constrained. Our results high light the need to implement active restoration to accelerate high montane forest recovery in areas previously covered with pine tree plantations.
Keywords
clearfelling, pine needle litter, Pinus sp., secondary succession, soil pHClearfelling, pine needle litter, Pinus sp., secondary succession, soil pH
References
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Basto S, Thompson K, Rees M. The effect of soil pH on persistence of seeds of grassland species in soil, Plant Ecology, 216: 1163- 1175, 2015.
doi: 10.1007/s11258-015-0499-z
Basto S, Thompson K, Grime JP, Fridley JD, Calhim S, Askew AP, Rees M. Severe effects of long-term drought on calcareous grassland seed banks, npj Climate and Atmospheric Science, 1: 1-7, 2018.
doi: 10.1038/s41612-017-0007-3
Bates D, Maechler M, Bolker B, Walker S. lme4: linear mixed-effects models using Eigen and S4 (R package version 1.0-4, 2013).
Bedoya-Patiño JG, Estévez-Varón JV, Castaño-Villa GJ. Banco de semillas del suelo y su papel en la recuperación de los bosques tropicales, Boletín Científico. Centro de Museos. Museo de Historia Natural, 14: 77-91, 2010.
Borda M, Vargas O. Caracterización del banco de semillas germinable de plantaciones de pinos (Pinus patula) y claros en regeneración natural (alrededores del embalse de Chisacá, Bogotá-localidad de Usme-bosque altoandino). In: La Restauración Ecológica en la Práctica: Memorias del I Congreso Colombiano de Restauración Ecológica & II Simposio Nacional de Experiencias en Restauración. Vargas O, Reyes SP (Eds.), Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia, 456-473, 2011.
Brockerhoff EG, Jactel H, Parrotta JA, Ferraz SF. Role of eucalypt and other planted forests in biodiversity conservation and the provision of biodiversity-related ecosystem services, Forest Ecology and Management, 301: 43-50, 2013.
doi: 10.1016/j.foreco.2012.09.018
Bueno A, Baruch Z. Soil seed bank and the effect of needle litter layer on seedling emergence in a tropical pine plantation, Revista de Biología Tropical, 59: 1071-1079, 2011.
doi: 10.15517/rbt.v0i0.3379
Cantillo EE, Castiblanco V, Pinilla DF, Alvarado CL. Caracterización y valorización del potencial de regeneración del banco de
semillas germinable de la Reserva Forestal Cárpatos (Guasca, Cundinamarca), Revista Colombia Forestal, 11: 45-70, 2008.
doi: 10.14483/udistrital.jour.colomb.for.2008.1.a04
CAR (Corporación Autónoma Regional de Cundinamarca). Boletines informativos de hidrología y meteorología mensuales.
Boletines Mensuales 2014, Bogotá, Colombia, 2014.
Corredor S, Vargas O. Efecto de la creación de claros experimentales con diferentes densidades sobre los patrones iniciales de sucesión vegetal en plantaciones de Pinus patula. In: Restauración ecológica del bosque altoandino. Estudios diagnósticos y experimentales en los alrededores del Embalse de Chisacá, localidad de Usme. Vargas O (Ed.), Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Acueducto de Bogotá, Jardín Botánico, Secretaría Distrital de Ambiente, Bogotá, Colombia, 336-352, 2007.
Cuevas YA, Zalba SM. Recovery of native grasslands after removing invasive pines, Restoration Ecology, 18(5): 711-719, 2010.
doi: 10.1111/j.1526-100X.2008.00506.x
Contreras-Rodríguez S, Moreno-Cárdenas AC, Barrera-Cataño JI. La nucleación como una estrategia de restauración ecológica en el Parque Forestal del Embalse de Neusa (Cundinamarca, Colombia), Boletín Divulgativo de la Red Iberoamericana y del Caribe de Restauración Ecológica, 5:5-6, 2011.
Egawa C, Tsuyuzaki S. The effects of litter accumulation through succession on seed bank formation for small-and large-seeded species, Journal of Vegetation Science, 24: 1062-1073, 2013.
doi: 10.1111/jvs.12037
Eycott AE, Watkinson AR, Dolman PM. Ecological patterns of plant diversity in a plantation forest managed by clearfelling,
Journal of Applied Ecology, 43: 1160-1171, 2006.
doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2006.01235.x
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doi: 10.4060/ca8753en
Galloway AD, Holmes PM, Gaertner M, Esler KJ. The impact of pine plantations on fynbos above-ground vegetation and soil
seed bank composition, South African Journal of Botany, 113: 300- 307, 2017.
doi: 10.1016/j.sajb.2017.09.009
Holdridge LR, Grenke WC, Hathaway WH, Liang T, Tosi JA. Forest Environments in Tropical Life Zones, a Pilot Study, Pergamon Press, New York, USA 1971.
IGAC (Instituto Geográfico Agustín Codazzi). Instructivo Zonificación Climática, Bogotá, Colombia, 2014.
Jadán O, Cedillo H, Pillacela P, Guallpa D, Gordillo A, Zea P, Díaz L, Bermúdez F, Arciniegas A, Quizhpe W, Vaca C. Regeneración de Pinus patula (Pinaceae) en ecosistemas naturales y plantaciones, en un gradiente altitudinal andino, Azuay, Ecuador, Revista de Biología Tropical, 67(1): 182-195, 2019.
doi: 10.15517/rbt.v67i1.32940
León O, Vargas O. Guía metodológica para la restauración ecológica de áreas con plantaciones de pinos, In: Guía Metodológica Para la Restauración Ecológica del Bosque Altoandino. Vargas O (Ed.), Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Acueducto de Bogotá, Jardín Botánico y Secretaría Distrital de Ambiente, Bogotá, Colombia 150-158, 2007.
Millar RB, Anderson MJ. Remedies for pseudoreplication, Fisheries Research, 70(2-3): 397-407, 2004.
doi: 10.1016/j.fishres.2004.08.016
Mndela M, Madakadze CI, Nherera-Chokuda F, Dube S. Is the soil seed bank a reliable source for passive restoration of bushcleared semi-arid rangelands of South Africa?, Ecological Processes, 9(1): 1-16, 2020.
doi: 10.1186/s13717-019-0204-6
Moreno-Cárdenas AC, Barrera-Cataño JI, Mora M, Basto S. Área de estudio, In: Restauración ecológica en áreas post-tala de
especies exóticas en el Parque Forestal Embalse del Neusa. Basto S, Moreno-Cárdenas AC, Barrera-Cataño JI (Eds.), Editorial Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Corporación Autónoma Regional de Cundinamarca, Bogotá, Colombia 57-69, 2018.
Neina D. The role of soil pH in plant nutrition and soil remediation, Applied and Environmental Soil Science, 2019: 1-9, 2019.
doi: 10.1155/2019/5794869
Oksanen J, Blanchet FG, Friendly M, Kindt R, Legendre P, McGlinn D, Minchin PR, O'Hara RB, Simpson GL, Solymos P, Stevens MHH, Szoecs E, Wagner HH. Vegan: Community Ecology Package (R package version 2.5-6, 2019).
Pakeman RJ, Small JL, Torvell L. Edaphic factors influence the longevity of seeds in the soil, Plant Ecology, 213: 57-65, 2012.
doi: 10.1007/s11258-011-0006-0
Prach K, Marrs R, Pyšek P, van Diggelen R. Manipulation of succession. In: Linking restoration and ecological succession. Walker LR, Walker J, Hobbs RJ (Eds.), Springer Verlag, New York, USA, 121-149, 2007.
R Core Team R: A language and environment for statistical computing, R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna,
Austria. 2018.
Rago MM, Urretavizcaya MF, Orellana IA, Defossé GE. Strategies to persist in the community: Soil seed bank and above-ground vegetation in Patagonian pine plantations, Applied Vegetation Science, 23(2): 254-265, 2020.
doi: 10.1111/avsc.12482
Soil Science Division Staff. Soil survey manual. Ditzler C, Scheffe K, Monger HC (Eds.), USDA Handbook 18, Government
Printing Office, Washington, D.C., USA, 2017.
Stanbury KE, Stevens JC, Ritchie AL. Legacy issues in post-pine (Pinus pinaster) restoration environments: Weeds compromise seedling growth and function more than edaphic factors, Land Degradation & Development, 29(6): 1694-1704, 2018.
doi: 10.1002/ldr.2945
Thompson K, Bakker JP, Bekker RM. The Soil Seed Banks of North West Europe: Methodology, Density and Longevity, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK 1997.
Torres A, Alarcón P, Rodríguez-Cabal M, Nuñez M. Secondary invasions hinder the recovery of native communities after the
removal of nonnative pines along a precipitation gradient in Patagonia, Forests, 9(7): 394, 2018.
doi: 10.3390/f9070394
Tulande-ME, Barrera-Cataño JI, Alonso-Malaver CE, Morantes-Ariza C, Basto S. Soil macrofauna in areas with different ages after Pinus patula clearcutting, Universitas Scientiarum, 23(3): 383-417, 2018a.
doi: 10.11144/javeriana.sc23-3.smia
Tulande-ME, Moreno-Cárdenas AC, Contreras S, Roa-Fuentes LL, Ordóñez-Parra CA, Díaz Ariza LA, Acero Nitola AM, Bernal H, Barrera-Cataño JI, Basto S. Monitoreo a las trayectorias sucesionales en áreas post-tala del PFEN, In: Restauración ecológica en áreas post-tala de especies exóticas en el Parque Forestal Embalse del Neusa. Basto S, Moreno-Cárdenas AC, Barrera-Cataño JI (Eds.), Editorial Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Corporación Autónoma Regional de Cundinamarca, Bogotá, Colombia 103-152, 2018b.
Valduga MO, Zenni RD, Vitule JR. Ecological impacts of nonnative tree species plantations are broad and heterogeneous:
a review of Brazilian research, Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 88(3): 1675-1688, 2016.
doi: 10.1590/0001-3765201620150575
Valera-Burgos J, Díaz-Barradas MC, Zunzunegui M. Effects of Pinus pinea litter on seed germination and seedling performance of three Mediterranean shrub species, Plant Growth Regulation, 66: 285-292, 2012.
doi: 10.1007/s10725-011-9652-4
doi: 10.15517/rbt.v64i2.19632
Basto S, Thompson K, Rees M. The effect of soil pH on persistence of seeds of grassland species in soil, Plant Ecology, 216: 1163- 1175, 2015.
doi: 10.1007/s11258-015-0499-z
Basto S, Thompson K, Grime JP, Fridley JD, Calhim S, Askew AP, Rees M. Severe effects of long-term drought on calcareous grassland seed banks, npj Climate and Atmospheric Science, 1: 1-7, 2018.
doi: 10.1038/s41612-017-0007-3
Bates D, Maechler M, Bolker B, Walker S. lme4: linear mixed-effects models using Eigen and S4 (R package version 1.0-4, 2013).
Bedoya-Patiño JG, Estévez-Varón JV, Castaño-Villa GJ. Banco de semillas del suelo y su papel en la recuperación de los bosques tropicales, Boletín Científico. Centro de Museos. Museo de Historia Natural, 14: 77-91, 2010.
Borda M, Vargas O. Caracterización del banco de semillas germinable de plantaciones de pinos (Pinus patula) y claros en regeneración natural (alrededores del embalse de Chisacá, Bogotá-localidad de Usme-bosque altoandino). In: La Restauración Ecológica en la Práctica: Memorias del I Congreso Colombiano de Restauración Ecológica & II Simposio Nacional de Experiencias en Restauración. Vargas O, Reyes SP (Eds.), Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia, 456-473, 2011.
Brockerhoff EG, Jactel H, Parrotta JA, Ferraz SF. Role of eucalypt and other planted forests in biodiversity conservation and the provision of biodiversity-related ecosystem services, Forest Ecology and Management, 301: 43-50, 2013.
doi: 10.1016/j.foreco.2012.09.018
Bueno A, Baruch Z. Soil seed bank and the effect of needle litter layer on seedling emergence in a tropical pine plantation, Revista de Biología Tropical, 59: 1071-1079, 2011.
doi: 10.15517/rbt.v0i0.3379
Cantillo EE, Castiblanco V, Pinilla DF, Alvarado CL. Caracterización y valorización del potencial de regeneración del banco de
semillas germinable de la Reserva Forestal Cárpatos (Guasca, Cundinamarca), Revista Colombia Forestal, 11: 45-70, 2008.
doi: 10.14483/udistrital.jour.colomb.for.2008.1.a04
CAR (Corporación Autónoma Regional de Cundinamarca). Boletines informativos de hidrología y meteorología mensuales.
Boletines Mensuales 2014, Bogotá, Colombia, 2014.
Corredor S, Vargas O. Efecto de la creación de claros experimentales con diferentes densidades sobre los patrones iniciales de sucesión vegetal en plantaciones de Pinus patula. In: Restauración ecológica del bosque altoandino. Estudios diagnósticos y experimentales en los alrededores del Embalse de Chisacá, localidad de Usme. Vargas O (Ed.), Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Acueducto de Bogotá, Jardín Botánico, Secretaría Distrital de Ambiente, Bogotá, Colombia, 336-352, 2007.
Cuevas YA, Zalba SM. Recovery of native grasslands after removing invasive pines, Restoration Ecology, 18(5): 711-719, 2010.
doi: 10.1111/j.1526-100X.2008.00506.x
Contreras-Rodríguez S, Moreno-Cárdenas AC, Barrera-Cataño JI. La nucleación como una estrategia de restauración ecológica en el Parque Forestal del Embalse de Neusa (Cundinamarca, Colombia), Boletín Divulgativo de la Red Iberoamericana y del Caribe de Restauración Ecológica, 5:5-6, 2011.
Egawa C, Tsuyuzaki S. The effects of litter accumulation through succession on seed bank formation for small-and large-seeded species, Journal of Vegetation Science, 24: 1062-1073, 2013.
doi: 10.1111/jvs.12037
Eycott AE, Watkinson AR, Dolman PM. Ecological patterns of plant diversity in a plantation forest managed by clearfelling,
Journal of Applied Ecology, 43: 1160-1171, 2006.
doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2006.01235.x
FAO. Global Forest Resources Assessment 2020 – Key fi¬ndings, Rome, Italy, 2020.
doi: 10.4060/ca8753en
Galloway AD, Holmes PM, Gaertner M, Esler KJ. The impact of pine plantations on fynbos above-ground vegetation and soil
seed bank composition, South African Journal of Botany, 113: 300- 307, 2017.
doi: 10.1016/j.sajb.2017.09.009
Holdridge LR, Grenke WC, Hathaway WH, Liang T, Tosi JA. Forest Environments in Tropical Life Zones, a Pilot Study, Pergamon Press, New York, USA 1971.
IGAC (Instituto Geográfico Agustín Codazzi). Instructivo Zonificación Climática, Bogotá, Colombia, 2014.
Jadán O, Cedillo H, Pillacela P, Guallpa D, Gordillo A, Zea P, Díaz L, Bermúdez F, Arciniegas A, Quizhpe W, Vaca C. Regeneración de Pinus patula (Pinaceae) en ecosistemas naturales y plantaciones, en un gradiente altitudinal andino, Azuay, Ecuador, Revista de Biología Tropical, 67(1): 182-195, 2019.
doi: 10.15517/rbt.v67i1.32940
León O, Vargas O. Guía metodológica para la restauración ecológica de áreas con plantaciones de pinos, In: Guía Metodológica Para la Restauración Ecológica del Bosque Altoandino. Vargas O (Ed.), Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Acueducto de Bogotá, Jardín Botánico y Secretaría Distrital de Ambiente, Bogotá, Colombia 150-158, 2007.
Millar RB, Anderson MJ. Remedies for pseudoreplication, Fisheries Research, 70(2-3): 397-407, 2004.
doi: 10.1016/j.fishres.2004.08.016
Mndela M, Madakadze CI, Nherera-Chokuda F, Dube S. Is the soil seed bank a reliable source for passive restoration of bushcleared semi-arid rangelands of South Africa?, Ecological Processes, 9(1): 1-16, 2020.
doi: 10.1186/s13717-019-0204-6
Moreno-Cárdenas AC, Barrera-Cataño JI, Mora M, Basto S. Área de estudio, In: Restauración ecológica en áreas post-tala de
especies exóticas en el Parque Forestal Embalse del Neusa. Basto S, Moreno-Cárdenas AC, Barrera-Cataño JI (Eds.), Editorial Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Corporación Autónoma Regional de Cundinamarca, Bogotá, Colombia 57-69, 2018.
Neina D. The role of soil pH in plant nutrition and soil remediation, Applied and Environmental Soil Science, 2019: 1-9, 2019.
doi: 10.1155/2019/5794869
Oksanen J, Blanchet FG, Friendly M, Kindt R, Legendre P, McGlinn D, Minchin PR, O'Hara RB, Simpson GL, Solymos P, Stevens MHH, Szoecs E, Wagner HH. Vegan: Community Ecology Package (R package version 2.5-6, 2019).
Pakeman RJ, Small JL, Torvell L. Edaphic factors influence the longevity of seeds in the soil, Plant Ecology, 213: 57-65, 2012.
doi: 10.1007/s11258-011-0006-0
Prach K, Marrs R, Pyšek P, van Diggelen R. Manipulation of succession. In: Linking restoration and ecological succession. Walker LR, Walker J, Hobbs RJ (Eds.), Springer Verlag, New York, USA, 121-149, 2007.
R Core Team R: A language and environment for statistical computing, R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna,
Austria. 2018.
Rago MM, Urretavizcaya MF, Orellana IA, Defossé GE. Strategies to persist in the community: Soil seed bank and above-ground vegetation in Patagonian pine plantations, Applied Vegetation Science, 23(2): 254-265, 2020.
doi: 10.1111/avsc.12482
Soil Science Division Staff. Soil survey manual. Ditzler C, Scheffe K, Monger HC (Eds.), USDA Handbook 18, Government
Printing Office, Washington, D.C., USA, 2017.
Stanbury KE, Stevens JC, Ritchie AL. Legacy issues in post-pine (Pinus pinaster) restoration environments: Weeds compromise seedling growth and function more than edaphic factors, Land Degradation & Development, 29(6): 1694-1704, 2018.
doi: 10.1002/ldr.2945
Thompson K, Bakker JP, Bekker RM. The Soil Seed Banks of North West Europe: Methodology, Density and Longevity, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK 1997.
Torres A, Alarcón P, Rodríguez-Cabal M, Nuñez M. Secondary invasions hinder the recovery of native communities after the
removal of nonnative pines along a precipitation gradient in Patagonia, Forests, 9(7): 394, 2018.
doi: 10.3390/f9070394
Tulande-ME, Barrera-Cataño JI, Alonso-Malaver CE, Morantes-Ariza C, Basto S. Soil macrofauna in areas with different ages after Pinus patula clearcutting, Universitas Scientiarum, 23(3): 383-417, 2018a.
doi: 10.11144/javeriana.sc23-3.smia
Tulande-ME, Moreno-Cárdenas AC, Contreras S, Roa-Fuentes LL, Ordóñez-Parra CA, Díaz Ariza LA, Acero Nitola AM, Bernal H, Barrera-Cataño JI, Basto S. Monitoreo a las trayectorias sucesionales en áreas post-tala del PFEN, In: Restauración ecológica en áreas post-tala de especies exóticas en el Parque Forestal Embalse del Neusa. Basto S, Moreno-Cárdenas AC, Barrera-Cataño JI (Eds.), Editorial Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Corporación Autónoma Regional de Cundinamarca, Bogotá, Colombia 103-152, 2018b.
Valduga MO, Zenni RD, Vitule JR. Ecological impacts of nonnative tree species plantations are broad and heterogeneous:
a review of Brazilian research, Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 88(3): 1675-1688, 2016.
doi: 10.1590/0001-3765201620150575
Valera-Burgos J, Díaz-Barradas MC, Zunzunegui M. Effects of Pinus pinea litter on seed germination and seedling performance of three Mediterranean shrub species, Plant Growth Regulation, 66: 285-292, 2012.
doi: 10.1007/s10725-011-9652-4
How to Cite
Basto, S., Roa-Fuentes, L., Moreno, A. C., & Barrera-Cataño, J. I. (2020). Seed bank responses after clearcutting Pinus patula plantations in Andean high montane areas. Universitas Scientiarum, 25(3), 517–543. https://doi.org/10.11144/Javeriana.SC25-3.sbra
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Section
Ecology
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