Neurotização, Broto axonal, Neurotização muscular, Neurotização cutânea, Neurotização da córnea, Músculo-Nervo-MúsculoNeurotizacón, Brote axonal, Neurotización muscular, Neurotización cutanea, Neurotización corneal, Músculo-Nervio-MúsculoNeurotization, Axonal outgrowth, Muscular Neurotization, Cutaneous neurotization, Corneal Neurotization, Muscle-Nerve-Muscle

1. Nieto L. Lesiones Nerviosas de la Mano, en Coiffman F. Cirugia Plastica, Reconstructiva y Estetica, 3ra Edicion, Editorial Amolca 2008
2. Meals RA, Nelissen RG. The origin and meaning of "neurotization". J Hand Surg Am. 1995 Jan;20(1):144-6. doi: 10.1016/S0363-5023(05)80072-3. PMID: 7722253
3. Bentolila V, Nizard R, Bizot P, Sedel L. Complete traumatic brachial plexus palsy. Treatment and outcome after repair. J Bone Joint Surg Am. enero de 1999;81(1):20-8.
4. Boyd KU, Nimigan AS, Mackinnon SE. Nerve Reconstruction in the Hand and Upper Extremity. Clin Plast Surg. octubre de 2011;38(4):643-60
5. Ramachandran S, Midha R. Recent advances in nerve repair. Neurol India. 2019 Jan-Feb;67(Supplement):S106-S114. doi: 10.4103/0028-3886.250702. PMID: 30688243
6. Lundborg G, Rosén B, Dahlin L, Danielsen N, Holmberg J. Tubular versus conventional repair of median and ulnar nerves in the human forearm: Early results from a prospective, randomized, clinical study. J Hand Surg. enero de 1997;22(1):99-106.
7. Moore AM. Nerve Transfers to Restore upper Extremity Function: A Paradigm Shift. Front Neurol [Internet]. 31 de marzo de 2014 [citado 16 de diciembre de 2020];5. Disponible en: http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fneur.2014.00040/abstract
8. Vanaclocha-Vanaclocha V, Ortiz-Criado JM, Sáiz-Sapena N, Vanaclocha N. Nerve Transfers in the Treatment of Peripheral Nerve Injuries. En: Mauricio AC, editor. Peripheral Nerve Regeneration - From Surgery to New Therapeutic Approaches Including Biomaterials and Cell-Based Therapies Development [Internet]. InTech; 2017 [citado 16 de diciembre de 2020]. Disponible en: http://www.intechopen.com/books/peripheral-nerve-regeneration-from-surgery-to-new-therapeutic-approaches-including-biomaterials-and-cell-based-therapies-development/nerve-transfers-in-the-treatment-of-peripheral-nerve-injuries
9. Doi K. Distal Nerve Transfer: Perspective of Reconstructive Microsurgery. J Reconstr Microsurg. noviembre de 2018;34(09):675-7.
10. Tung TH. Nerve transfers. Clin Plast Surg. 2014 Jul;41(3):551-9. doi: 10.1016/j.cps.2014.04.002. Epub 2014 May 22. PMID: 24996471
11. Martínez F, Sevilla B, García J, López A. Técnicas de transferencia nerviosa en lesiones del miembro superior. Rev Iberoam Cir Mano. 1 de mayo de 2017;45:057-67.
12. Swanson AN, Wolfe SW, Khazzam M, Feinberg J, Ehteshami J, Doty S. Comparison of neurotization versus nerve repair in an animal model of chronically denervated muscle. J Hand Surg Am. 2008 Sep;33(7):1093-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2008.02.025. PMID: 18762103; PMCID: PMC7126155.)
13. Lee SK, Wolfe SW. Nerve Transfers for the Upper Extremity: New Horizons in Nerve Reconstruction. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. agosto de 2012;20(8):506-17.
14. Viterbo F, Amr AH, Stipp EJ, Reis FJ. End-to-Side Neurorrhaphy: Past, Present,and Future: Plast Reconstr Surg. diciembre de 2009;124:e351-8.
15. Hayashi A, Pannucci C, Moradzadeh A, Kawamura D, Magill C, Hunter DA, et al. Axotomy or compression is required for axonal sprouting following end-to-side neurorrhaphy. Exp Neurol. junio de 2008;211(2):539-50.
16. Isaacs J, Allen D, Chen LE, Nunley J 2nd. Reverse end-to-side neurotization. J Reconstr Microsurg. 2005 Jan;21(1):43-8; discussion 49-50. doi: 10.1055/s-2005-862780. PMID: 15672319.
17. Kale SS, Glaus SW, Yee A, Nicoson MC, Hunter DA, Mackinnon SE, et al. Reverse End-to-Side Nerve Transfer: From Animal Model to Clinical Use. J Hand Surg. octubre de 2011;36(10):1631-1639.e2.
18. Jandali D, Revenaugh PC. Facial reanimation: an update on nerve transfers in facial paralysis. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2019 Aug;27(4):231-236. doi: 10.1097/MOO.0000000000000543. PMID: 31169528.
19. Jandali D, Revenaugh PC. Facial reanimation: an update on nerve transfers in facial paralysis. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2019 Aug;27(4):231-236. doi: 10.1097/MOO.0000000000000543. PMID: 31169528.
20. Zhao X, Lao J, Hung LK, Zhang GM, Zhang LY, Gu YD. Selective neurotization of the median nerve in the arm to treat brachial plexus palsy. Surgical technique. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2005 Mar;87 Suppl 1(Pt 1):122-35. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.D.02633. PMID: 15743854
21. Azze RJ, Mattar Júnior J, Ferreira MC, Starck R, Canedo AC. Extraplexual neurotization of brachial plexus. Microsurgery. 1994;15(1):28-32. doi: 10.1002/micr.1920150109. PMID: 8133766
22. Chuang DC-C. Neurotization and Free Muscle Transfer for Brachial Plexus Avulsion Injury. Hand Clin. febrero de 2007;23(1):91-104.
23. Bermudez L, Nieto L. Masseteric-Facial Nerve Anastomosis: Case Report. J Reconstr Microsurg. 18 de febrero de 2004;21(01):25-30.
24. Barbour J, Yee A, Kahn LC, Mackinnon SE. Supercharged end-to-side anterior interosseous to ulnar motor nerve transfer for intrinsic musculature reinnervation. J Hand Surg Am. 2012 Oct;37(10):2150-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2012.07.022. PMID: 23021177.
25. Keles MK, Aykan A. Effect of Axonal Length on Direct Neuromuscular Neurotization: An Experimental Study. Turk Neurosurg. 2019;29(1):110-114. doi: 10.5137/1019-5149.JTN.22981-18.2. PMID: 30614507
26. Konofaos P, Wallace R. Basic Science of Muscle Neurotization: A Review. J Reconstr Microsurg. 28 de julio de 2015;31(07):481-6.
27. Brunelli G, Brunelli G. Direct Muscle Neurotization. J Reconstr Microsurg. marzo de 1993;9(02):81-9.
28. Von Hacker, L. Citado por Erlacher, P. In: Direct and muscular neurotisation of paralyzed muscles. Am. J. Orthop. Surg. 1915; 13:22.
29. Heineke, H. Die direkte Einpflanzung den Nerven in der Muskel. Centralbl F Chir 1914; 41: 464-466.)
30. Elsberg, C.A. Experiments on motor nerve regeneration and the direct neurotization of paralized muscles by their own and foreing nerves.Science 1917; 45: 318-320.
31. Steindler, A. The direct implantation of motor nerve upon muscle tissue (neurotization): an experimental and clinical study. J. Iowa M Soc. 1915; 5: 436-439.
32. Hoffman, H. Fate of interrupted nerve fibres regenerating into partially denervated muscles. Aust. J. Exp. Biol. Med 1951; 29: 211.
33. Birch R. Reparación Nerviosa. Green´s Cirugía de la Mano. Vol. 1. 2007.
34. Guth L, Zalewski AA. Disposition of cholinesterase following implantation of nerve into innervated and denervated muscle. Exp Neurol. abril de 1963;7(4):316-26.
35. Park DM, Shon SK, Kim YJ. Direct Muscle neurotization in Rat Soleus Muscle. J Reconstr Microsurg. 2000; Volume 16(Number 5):379-84.
36. Elsberg CA. Experiments on Motor Nerve Regenearation and the Direct Neurotization of Paralyzed Muscles by Their Own and by Foreing Nerves. Science. 30 de marzo de 1917;45(1161):318-20.
37. Cárdenas-Mejía A, Palafox D, Téllez-Palacios D, Contreras-Merida S, Maza-Krzeptowsky L, López R, Hernández T. Levator Palpebrae Superioris Muscle Direct Neurotization. J Craniofac Surg. 2017 Nov;28(8):e747-e748. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000003924. PMID: 28953147.
38. Millesi H. [Late results of the interfascicular nerve transplant. Restorative surgery of lesions of the brachial plexus]. Rev Med Suisse Romande. julio de 1973;93(7):511-9.
39. Charous SJ, Hotaling JM, Burgess BD, Sappington JM, Park J, Turek G, Foecking EM. Muscle-Nerve-Muscle Grafting for Facial Reanimation in Rats. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2017 Apr;126(4):261-267. doi: 10.1177/0003489416686587. Epub 2017 Jan 10. PMID: 28073285.
40. El-Kashlan HK, Carroll WR, Hogikyan ND, Chepeha DB, Kileny PR, Esclamado RM. Selective Cricothyroid Muscle Reinnervation by Muscle-Nerve-Muscle Neurotization. Arch Otolaryngol Neck Surg. 1 de octubre de 2001;127(10):1211.
41. Urbanchek MG, Ganz DE, Aydin MA, van der Meulen JH, Kuzon WM. Muscle–nerve–muscle neurotization for the reinnervation of denervated somatic muscle. Neurol Res. junio de 2004;26(4):388-94.
42. Sobotka S, Mu L. Muscle reinnervation with nerve-muscle-endplate band grafting technique: correlation between force recovery and axonal regeneration. J Surg Res. 2015 May 1;195(1):144-51. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2015.01.008. Epub 2015 Jan 13. PMID: 25661741; PMCID: PMC4385406.
43. Kermer Ch, Millesi W, Paternostro T, Nuhr M. Muscle-nerve-muscle neurotization of the orbicularis oris muscle. J Cranio-Maxillofac Surg. octubre de 2001;29(5):302-6.
44. Hogikyan ND, Urbanchek M, Johns MM, Carroll WR, Kileny PR, Kuzon WM. Motion-Specific Laryngeal Reinnervation Using Muscle-Nerve-Muscle Neurotization. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. septiembre de 2001;110(9):801-10.
45. Taminato M, Tomita K, Yano K, Otani N, Kuroda K, Kubo T. Targeted sensory reinnervation by direct neurotization of skin: An experimental study in rats. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2021 Jan 10:S1748-6815(21)00035-8. doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2020.12.101. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33583760.
46. Hermanson A, Dalsgaard CJ, Arnander C, Lindblom U. Sensibility and cutaneous reinnervation in free flaps. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1987 Mar;79(3):422-7. doi: 10.1097/00006534-198703000-00019. PMID: 3547433.
47. Weissler JM, Koltz PF, Carney MJ, Serletti JM, Wu LC. Sifting through the Evidence: A Comprehensive Review and Analysis of Neurotization in Breast Reconstruction. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2018 Mar;141(3):550-565. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000004108. PMID: 29481387.
48. Tremp M, Waldkircher NJ, Wang W, Oranges CM, di Summa PG, Zhang Y, Wang W, Schaefer DJ, Kalbermatten DF. Sensory assessment of meshed skin grafts over free gracilis muscle flaps without nerve coaptation for lower extremity reconstruction. Arch Plast Surg. 2020 Apr 10. doi: 10.5999/aps.2019.00584. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 32268659.
49. Bayramiçli M, Jackson IT, Herschman B. Innervation of skin grafts over free muscle flaps. Br J Plast Surg. 2000 Mar;53(2):130-6. doi: 10.1054/bjps.1999.3204. PMID: 10878836.
50. Ponte B. Grafted skin. Observations on innervation and other qualities. Acta Chir Scand. 1960. 55-61 p.
51. Fitzgerald MJ, Martin F, Paletta FX. Innervation of skin grafts. Surg Gynecol Obstet. abril de 1967;124(4):808-12.
52. Weiß-Becker C, Fruhstorfer H, Friederich H-C, Winter H. Reinnervation of Split Skin Grafts in Humans: Comparison of two Different Methods of Operation. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg. enero de 1998;32(2):157-62.
53. Koaik M, Baig K. Corneal neurotization. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. julio de 2019;30(4):292-8.
54. Wolkow N, Habib LA, Yoon MK, Freitag SK. Corneal Neurotization: Review of a New Surgical Approach and Its Developments. Semin Ophthalmol. 2019;34(7-8):473-487. doi: 10.1080/08820538.2019.1648692. Epub 2019 Aug 1. PMID: 31370735.9 .
55. Kolseth CM, Charlson ES, Kossler AL. Corneal Neurotization: A Surgical Treatment for Neurotrophic Keratopathy. J Neuroophthalmol. 2020 Jun;40(2):e11-e12. doi: 10.1097/WNO.0000000000000879. PMID: 32349065.
56. Terzis J, Dryer M, Bruce B. Corneal neurotization: a novel solution to neurotrophic keratopathy. Plastic and reconstructive surgery. 2009; 123:112-20.
57. Bains RD, Elbaz U, Zuker RM, Ali A, Borschel GH. Corneal Neurotization from the Supratrochlear Nerve with Sural Nerve Grafts: A Minimally Invasive Approach. Plast Reconstr Surg. febrero de 2015;135(2):397e-400e.
58. Lueke JN, Holtmann C, Beseoglu K, Geerling G. Korneale Neurotisation [Corneal neurotization]. Ophthalmologe. 2020 Mar;117(3):248-252. German. doi: 10.1007/s00347-019-00980-y. PMID: 31667546.

Vol. 62 Núm. 3 (2021)