Palabras clave
intención
negativa a la vacunación
enfermedades prevenibles por vacunación
COVID-19
Colombia
Cómo citar
Resumen
Introducción. La falta de interés de la población en ser vacunada contra el SARS-CoV-2 representa un problema para el manejo de la pandemia. Objetivo. El objetivo fue estimar la falta de interés en recibir la vacuna contra el coronavirus en población de 23 ciudades colombianas, entre julio y diciembre de 2020. Métodos. Se diseñó un estudio descriptivo que empleó información de la Encuesta Pulso Social del DANE en la que se indagó a la población sobre la intención en aplicarse la vacuna y las razones para rechazarla. Se estimaron la prevalencia del desinterés en recibir la vacuna y las diferencias entre las estimaciones de diciembre y julio. Resultados. La prevalencia fue más alta en mujeres, mayores de 54 años, personas sin ninguna escolaridad, hogares con dos personas o menos, grupos pobres y en ciudades como Cali y Bucaramanga. Las diferencias entre diciembre y julio señalaron aumento del desinterés en menores de 25 años y en Santa Marta y Cartagena; el comportamiento del periodo fue ascendente. La principal razón para no querer recibir la vacuna fue la creencia de que esta puede ser insegura debido a los potenciales efectos adversos. Se identificaron variaciones demográficas y geográficas en las prevalencias de no aceptación. Conclusión. Esta investigación puede ayudar a las autoridades de salud a elaborar políticas relacionadas con las estrategias educativas y de comunicación destinadas a aumentar la confianza en la eficacia y seguridad de la vacuna.
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Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
Derechos de autor 2022 Pablo Enrique Chaparro Narváez, Carlos Andrés Castañeda Orjuela