Contribuições da Neurociência Social nos estudos da Schadenfreude, Cognição Social e Emoção Intergrupal: Revisão Integrativa
Publicado
nov 7, 2018
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Diana Ramos-Oliveira
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7604-4825
Felipe Santos de Oliveira
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7862-9744
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7604-4825
Felipe Santos de Oliveira
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7862-9744
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Resumen
El presente artículo es un estudio bibliográfico del tipo revisión integrativa sobre las neurociencia social, la cognición social y la Schadenfreude en las relaciones intergrupales. Los objetivos fueron identificar la comprensión de cómo la neurociencia social podría contribuir y ofrecer nuevas perspectivas sobre la cognición social (p. ej., estereotipos, prejuicio, comparación social), la Schadenfreude y el procesamiento neural de las informaciones relacionados con las interacciones sociales. Se recuperaron de los criterios de localización y selección, 28 artículos publicados en las bases de dados PubMed, Web of Science y SCIELO, todos ellos entre 2006 y 2015. Por lo general, los artículos son de tipo experimental, descriptivo y cualitativo, y se desarrollaron, sobre todo, con muestras que no padecían ninguna patología o enfermedad. Las evidencias muestran una articulación entre los estudios sobre la Schadenfreude, la cognición social y su base neuronal, desarrollados con el fin de entender cómo interactuar en un contexto social. Se concluye del planteo de este tema una mejor comprensión del comportamiento social en la vida real a través de mecanismos neurocognitivos que proporcionan evidencias sobre la relación entre Schadenfreude, neurociencia social y cognición social.
Keywords
Schadenfreude, social cognition, brain, neural process, intergroup relationsSchadenfreude, cognición social, cerebro, procesamiento neural, relaciones intergrupales
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Amodio, D. M. (2014). The neuroscience of prejudice and stereotyping. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 15, 670-682. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn3800
Amodio, D. M., Bartholow, B. D., & Ito, T. A. (2014). Tracking the dynamics of the social brain: ERP approaches for social cognitive and affective neuroscience. Social Cognitive & Affective Neuroscience, 9, 385-393. https://doi.org/10.1093/scan/nst177
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Aue, T. (2014). I feel good whether my friends win or my foes lose: Brain mechanisms underlying feeling similarity. Neuropsychologia, 60, 159-167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2014.05.025
Batson, C. D., & Ahmad, N. Y. (2009). Using empathy to improve intergroup attitudes and relations. Social Issues and Policy Review, 3, 141-177. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-2409.2009.01013.x
Beer, J. S., Stallen, M., Lombardo, M. V., Gonsalkorale, K., Cunningham, W. A., & Sherman, J. W. (2008). The Quadruple Process model approach to examining the neural underpinnings of prejudice. NeuroImage, 43(4), 775-783. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.08.033
Bijleveld, E., Scheepers, D., & Ellemers, N. (2012). The cortisol response to anticipated intergroup interactions predicts self-reported prejudice. PLoS One, 7, e33681. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0033681
Brambilla, M., & Riva, P. (2017). Self‐image and Schadenfreude: Pleasure at others' misfortune enhances satisfaction of basic human needs. European Journal of Social Psychology, 47(4), 399-411. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.2229
Brown, S., & Schwartz, G. E. (1980). Relationships between facial electromyography and subjective experience during affective imagery. Biological Psychology, 11, 49-62. https://doi.org/10.1016/0301-0511(80)90026-5
Cacioppo, J. T., Amaral, D. G., Blanchard, J. J., Cameron, J. L., Carter, C. S., Crews, D., … Quinn, K. J. (2007). Social neuroscience: Progress and implications for mental health. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 2, 99-123. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6916.2007.00032.x
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Cikara, M. (2015). Intergroup Schadenfreude: Motivating participation in collective violence. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 3, 12-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2014.12.007
Cikara, M., Botvinick, M. M., & Fiske, S. T. (2011). Us versus them: Social identity shapes neural responses to intergroup competition and harm. Psychological Science, 20, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797610397667
Cikara, M., Farnsworth, R., Harris, L. T., & Fiske, S. (2010). On the wrong side of the trolley track: Neural correlates of relative social valuation. SCAN, 5, 404-413. https://doi.org/10.1093/scan/nsq011
Cikara, M., & Fiske, S. T. (2011). Bounded empathy: Neural responses to outgroup targets’ (mis)fortunes. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 23, 3791-3803. https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00069
Cikara, M., & Fiske, S. T. (2012). Stereotypes and Schadenfreude: Affective and physiological markers of pleasure at outgroup misfortunes. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 3, 63-71. https://doi.org/10.1177/1948550611409245
Cikara, M., Jenkins, A. C., Dufour, N., & Saxe, R. (2014). Reduced self-referential neural response during intergroup competition predicts competitor harm. NeuroImage, 96, 36-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.03.080
Contreras-Huerta, L. S., Baker, K. S., Reynolds, K. J., Batalha, L., & Cunnington, R. (2013). Racial bias in neural empathic responses to pain. PLoS One, 8, e84001. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0084001
Dvash, J., Gilam, G., Ben-Ze’ev, A., Hendler, T., & Shamay-Tsoory, S. G. (2010). The envious brain: The neural basis of social comparison. Human Brain Mapping, 31, 1741-1750. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.20972
Enge, L. R., Lupo, A. K., & Zárate, M. A. (2015). Neurocognitive mechanisms of prejudice formation. The role of time-dependent memory consolidation. Psychological Science, 26(7), 964-971. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797615572903
Feather, N. T. (1999). Values, achievement, and justice: Studies in the psychology of deservingness. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Press.
Feather, N. T. (2006). Deservingness and emotions: Applying the structural model of deservingness to the analysis of affective reactions to outcomes. European Review of Social Psychology, 17, 38-73. https://doi.org/10.1080/10463280600662321
Feather, N. T., & Nairn, K. (2005). Resentment, envy, Schadenfreude and sympathy: Effects of own and other’s deserved or undeserved status. Australian Journal of Psychology, 57, 87-102. https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530500048672
Feather, N. T., & Sherman, R. (2002). Envy, resentment, Schadenfreude, and sympathy: Reactions to deserved and undeserved achievement and subsequent failure. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28, 953-961. https://doi.org/10.1177/014616720202800708
Feather, N. T., Wenzel, M., & McKee, I. R. (2013). Integrating multiple perspectives on Schadenfreude: The role of deservingness and emotions. Motivation and Emotion, 37, 575-585. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-012-9331-4
Fiske, S. T., Ames, D. L., Cikara, M., & Harris, L. T. (2013). Scanning for scholars: How neuro-imaging the MPFC provides converging evidence for interpersonal stratification. Em B. Derks, D. Scheepers & N. Ellemers (Eds.), Neuroscience of prejudice and intergroup relations (pp. 89-109). New York: Taylor & Francis.
Fiske, S. T., Cuddy, A. J. C., & Glick, P. (2007). First judge warmth, then competence: Fundamental social dimensions. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 11, 77-83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2006.11.005
Gonsalkorale, K., Sherman, J. W., Allen, T. J., Klauer, K. C., & Amodio, D. M. (2011). Accounting for successful control of implicit racial bias: The roles of association activation, response monitoring, and overcoming bias. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 37, 1534-1545. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167211414064
Gonzalez-Liencres, C., Shamay-Tsoory, S. G., & Brüne, M. (2013). Towards a neuroscience of empathy: Ontogeny, phylogeny, brain mechanisms, context and psychopathology. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 37, 1537-1548. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.05.001
Guglielmi, R. S. (1999). Psychophysiological assessment of prejudice: Past research, current status, and future directions. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 3, 123-157. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327957pspr0302_3
Gutsell, J. N., & Inzlicht, M. (2010). Empathy constrained: Prejudice predicts reduced mental simulation of actions during observation of outgroups. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 46, 841-845. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2010.03.011
Hareli, S., & Weiner, B. (2002). Dislike and envy as antecedents of pleasure at another’s misfortune. Motivation and Emotion, 26, 257-277. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022818803399
Hoppen, N. H. F., & Vanz, S. A. de S. (2016). Neurosciences in Brazil: A bibliometric study of main characteristics, collaboration and citations. Scientometrics, 1, 121-141. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-016-1919-0
Hughes, B. L., & Zaki, J. (2015). The neuroscience of motivated cognition. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 19, 62-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2014.12.006
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Cómo citar
Ramos-Oliveira, D., & Santos de Oliveira, F. (2018). Contribuições da Neurociência Social nos estudos da Schadenfreude, Cognição Social e Emoção Intergrupal: Revisão Integrativa. Universitas Psychologica, 17(4), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.11144/Javeriana.upsy17-4.cnse
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