Publicado abr 9, 2024



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Alejandra Caqueo-Urízar

Matías Irarrázaval

Alejandro Cuadra-Peralta

Alfonso Urzúa

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Resumen

El objetivo de este estudio fue describir las vías de atención para pacientes con una aparición reciente de psicosis y determinar si éstas se ven afectadas significativamente por el origen étnico y las creencias causales del trastorno. Participaron 252 pacientes con esquizofrenia en tratamiento ambulatorio (116 Aymara y 136 No Aymara) con un promedio de edad de 35.6 años (DE = 12.5) de centros públicos de salud mental de Arica, Chile (33.6 %), Tacna, Perú (33.6 %) y La Paz, Bolivia (32.8 %) y el cuidador principal. Se entrevistó respecto a sus contactos de búsqueda de ayuda utilizando un cuestionario semiestructurado. El 64.7 % de los pacientes contactó inicialmente a un médico general para solicitar ayuda, mientras que sólo el 14 % consultó a un psicólogo y el 12 % se refirió a Yatiri (curanderos). Los principales factores asociados al hecho de evitar una vía distinta fueron la presencia de un familiar o amigo de apoyo y la presencia de un médico general. Se concluye que la principal vía de acceso a los servicios psiquiátricos para pacientes con una reciente aparición de psicosis entre las minorías étnicas andinas es a través de un médico general, mientras que una pequeña parte de esta población depende de los curanderos de la comunidad.

Keywords

Duration of untreated psychosis; first psychotic episode; pathways to care; schizophrenia; causal beliefs; Latin America.Duration of untreated psychosis; first psychotic episode; pathways to care; schizophrenia; causal beliefs; Latin America., Duración de la psicosis no tratada; primer episodio psicótico; vías de atención; esquizofrenia; creencias causales; América Latina., Duração da psicose não tratada; primeiro episódio psicótico; caminhos para o cuidado; esquizofrenia; crenças causais; América Latina.

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Cómo citar
Caqueo-Urízar, A., Irarrázaval, M., Cuadra-Peralta, A., & Urzúa, A. (2024). Vías de atención a pacientes con un primer episodio de psicosis: Un estudio multicéntrico y multiétnico. Universitas Psychologica, 22. https://doi.org/10.11144/Javeriana.upsy22.pcpf
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