Keywords
ira
retaliación
balón mano
diferencias individuales
How to Cite
Abstract
Durante los eventos deportivos, las reacciones de los jugadores a la agresión de los oponentes varían ampliamente y en diferentes maneras. Algunos jugadores son capaces de ejercer un fuerte auto-control. Otros jugadores reaccionan inmediatamente al primer acto agresivo. Otros jugadores adoptan comportamientos moderados. Este estudio examinó si era posible encontrar apoyo empírico para estas maneras cualitativamente diferentes de reaccionar a la agresión. El balonmano fue el deporte elegido porque implica una gran cantidad de interacciones físicas y sociales. A cincuenta jugadores aficionados se les presentó un conjunto de escenarios que contenían información sobre: el número y los tipos de agresiones previas que habían afectado al jugador, los marcadores actuales del equipo, la actitud del entrenador frente al comportamiento agresivo entre los jugadores, y el riesgo de ser sancionado en caso de tomar represalias. Se les pidió que respondieran, por separado, el nivel de ira que experimentarían en cada caso y la probabilidad de que tomaran venganza. Se realizó un análisis de conglomerados, y se observaron tres formas cualitativamente diferentes de reaccionar ante el comportamiento agresivo durante los eventos deportivos; estas formas fueron denominadas Auto-control (44%), dependiendo de las circunstancias (30%) y alta reactividad (14%). La discusión muestra las implicaciones para los entrenadores y los árbitros.
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