Possible Role of Noggin Gene in Mandibular Development / Posible papel del gen noggin en el desarrollo mandibular
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RESUMEN. Antecedentes: El gen noggin (Nog) es uno de los antagonistas de las proteínas morfogénicas óseas (BMPs) y tiene como función modular la señal de estas. Cuando su acción no es efectiva, ocurre una actividad excesiva de las BMPs que causa serias anormalidades en el desarrollo. Estudios han demostrado que Nog es crítico para la condrogénesis, osteogénesis y formación de las articulaciones y parece estar involucrado con el crecimiento de estructuras craneofaciales, entre ellas, la mandíbula. Existen en la literatura pocos estudios acerca de la relación entre Nog y su papel en el desarrollo mandibular. Objetivo: Esta revisión hace una descripción de los factores moleculares que intervienen en la formación de la mandíbula. Se hace un énfasis principalmente en las BMPs, su función, vía de señalización y cómo Nog regula esta vía, para conducir a formular una hipótesis del posible papel de este gen en el desarrollo mandibular y cómo su alteración podría llegar a causar el micrognatismo mandibular.
ABSTRACT. Background: Noggin (Nog) gene is one of the antagonists of bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs) and its function is to modulate the signs. When Nog’s action is ineffective, an excessive activity of BMPs occur causing serious developmental abnormalities. Studies have shown that Nog is critical for chondrogenesis, osteogenesis, and joint training and appears to be involved in the growth of craniofacial structures, including the jaw. There are in the literature, few studies about the relationship between Nog and its role in the mandibular development. Purpose: This article reviews the molecular factors involved in the jaw development, focusing primarily on BMPs, their function, signaling pathway as Nog regulates this path. It leads to hypothesize the Nog’s possible role on the mandibular development and how its alteration can cause mandibular micrognatism.
RESUMO. Antecedente: O gene Noggin (Nog) é um dos antagonistas das proteínas morfogênicas ósseas (BMPs) e tem como função modular o sinal das mesmas. Quando sua ação não é efetiva, ocorre uma atividade excessiva das BMPs causando sérias anormalidades no desenvolvimento. Estudos veem demonstrando que Nog é essencial para a condrogênesis, osteogênesis, formação das articulações e parece estar envolvido com o crescimento de estruturas craniofaciais, incluindo a mandíbula. Na literatura há poucos estudos sobre a relação entre Nog e seu papel no desenvolvimento mandibular. Objetivo: Esta revisão fornece uma descrição do desenvolvimento da mandíbula, os fatores moleculares envolvidos na sua formação, com ênfases principalmente nas BMPs, sua função, via de sinalização e como Nog regula esta via, levando-nos a formular uma hipóteses do possível papel de Nog no desenvolvimento mandibular e como sua alteração poderia causar micrognatismo mandibular.
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