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Abstract
Antecedentes: El tromboembolismo venoso (TEV) es una complicación clínico-patológicacomún en pacientes quirúrgicos, que es potencialmente mortal. La trombosis venosa profunda(TVP) y el tromboembolismo pulmonar (TEP) están relacionados entre sí; aproximadamenteel 50 % de los pacientes con TVP desarrolla TEP la cual, en la mayoría de los casos,es asintomática. Es la tercera causa de morbilidad cardiovascular y es precedida por lacardiopatía isquémica y la enfermedad cerebrovascular. La incidencia del TEP en cirugía oraly maxilofacial ha sido poco reportada. Objetivos: Se presenta una revisión de la literaturasobre los procedimientos de cirugía maxilofacial y el riesgo para desarrollar TEP y se reportael caso de una seria complicación posterior a cirugía ortognática bimaxilar. Resultados:Más del 90 % de los casos de TEP se origina en el sistema venoso profundo de las piernas.En cirugía ortognática el riesgo es excepcionalmente bajo; se estima una tasa del 0,15 % al1,6 % en relación con cirugía abdominal y pélvica, donde se reporta con mayor frecuencia.
Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common clinical pathological complicationthat is life threatening in patients undergoing surgery. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) andpulmonary embolism (PE) are interrelated; about 50 % patients with DVT develop PE that isasymptomatic in most cases. It is the third leading cause of cardiovascular morbidity andis preceded by ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease. The incidence of PEin oral and maxillofacial surgery has been barely reported. Objective: This article presentsa literature review on maxillofacial surgery and the risk to develop and reports a case of aserious complication after bimaxilar surgery. Results: Over 90 % PE cases originate in thedeep venous system of the legs. The risk is exceptionally low in orthognathic surgery; it isestimated that ranges from 0.15 % to 1.6 % when compared to abdominal and pelvic surgery,which are more frequently reported.
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