Palabras clave
bullying
consumo de bebidas alcohólicas
cyberbullying
Cómo citar
Resumen
Objetivo. Sintetizar, mediante revisión sistemática, las evidencias científicas sobre las asociaciones entre el uso de alcohol y el bullying y cyberbullying en la adolescencia. Materiales y métodos. La búsqueda fue realizada en cuatro bases de datos: PubMed, Medline, SciELO y Web of Science. Fueron seleccionados 58 artículos con base en los criterios de elegibilidad. La evaluación de la cualidad metodológica de los estudios fue realizada por medio de un instrumento del National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute. Resultados. Los estudios que lograron una clasificación de buena calidad metodológica mostraron los siguientes resultados: la victimización y autoría por bullying y cyberbullying fueron asociados al consumo de alcohol; el sufrimiento psicológico medió parcialmente la asociación entre victimización por cyberbullying y el uso posterior de alcohol; el bullying y la perpetración violenta mediaron la relación entre violencia en la familia y el uso de alcohol y otras drogas; síntomas depresivos y uso de alcohol son predictores de más victimización por bullying; y la victimización relacional estuvo asociada al uso precoz de alcohol. Conclusiones. La mayoría de los estudios indicó que los adolescentes involucrados en bullying y cyberbullying tienen mayores probabilidades de consumir alcohol que los adolescentes no involucrados, siendo que los autores presentan mayor consumo de alcohol en relación con los autores-víctimas y las víctimas.
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Derechos de autor 2021 Dayse Lorrane Gonçalves Alves, Francisco José Maia Pinto, Ana Carina Stelko-Pereira, Bruna Rodrigues Nunes, Steffany Rocha da Silva, Tayane Carneiro Cruz