Histopathological Diagnosis of 1,978 Oral Lesions over a Period of 22 Years in Cali, Colombia. A Retrospective Study
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Dec 28, 2023
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Abstract
Purpose: Determine the frequency of histopathological diagnoses of 1978 biopsies of oral lesions in a period of 20 years in the city of Cali, Colombia. Methods: A retrospective descriptive observational study was conducted on 1978 histopathological diagnoses of biopsies of lesions in the oral cavity carried out during the period 2000-2022. The research is carried out in compliance with ethical requirements. The information was obtained from the records of biopsy reports of two oral pathologists from the city of Cali, the data collection was conducted by the seedbeds of 3 universities in Cali previously trained and calibrated. The information was unified in a single Excel database, the inclusion criteria were any age, any sex and complete reports. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed with the IBM SPSS Statics program. Results: Of the 1978 reports, 39 % corresponded to the male gender and 61% to the female gender. The average age was 45.33 ± 17.5 (Range 2-93). The most frequent histopathological diagnosis was hyperplasia (23.8 %), followed by granulomas (15.07 %). The gum (17.09 %), the periapical area (16.03 %) and the lips (13.30 %) were the sites that reported the most lesions. Histologically, connective tissue (51.82 %) and epithelial tissue (25.63 %) were the most reported, and the excisional biopsy technique was the most used (79.22 %). Conclusion: Hyperplastic oral lesions were the most frequent, they occurred more in women, in any site of the oral cavity and at any age. Proper diagnosis, performing biopsies and increasing evidence at the local and national level are especially important.
Keywords
biopsias, Cali, Colombia, epidemiología oral, estudio retrospectivo, odontología, patología oral, cavidad oral, lesiones oralesbiopsies, Cali, Colombia, dentistry, oral cavity, oral epidemiology, oral lesions, oral pathology, retrospective studybiópsias, Cali, Colômbia, epidemiologia oral, estudo retrospectivo, odontologia, patologia oral, cavidade oral, lesões orais
References
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3. Shumway B, Khanal S, Trainor P, Zahin M, Ghim, SJ, Joh J, Rai S, Jenson A. Histologic Variation in High-Grade Oral Epithelial Dysplasia When Associated With High-risk Human Papillomavirus. International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics. 2016; 94. 944. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2015.12.277
4. Lerman MA, Woo SB. Histopathologic features of high risk human papillomavirus-associated oral epithelial dysplasia. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2014 Jan; 117(1): 120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oooo.2013.05.024
5. Kim E, Chung M, Jeong HS, Baek CH, Cho J. Histological features of differentiated dysplasia in the oral mucosa: a review of oral invasive squamous cell carcinoma cases diagnosed with benign or low-grade dysplasia on previous biopsies. Hum Pathol. 2022 Aug; 126: 45-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humpath.2022.05.010
6. Erbaş GS, Botsali A, Erden N, Arı C, Taşkın B, Alper S, Vural S. COVID-19-related oral mucosa lesions among confirmed SARS-CoV-2 patients: a systematic review. Int J Dermatol. 2022 Jan; 61(1): 20-32. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijd.15889
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9. Pinzón EM, Bravo S, Méndez F, Clavijo GM, León ME. Prevalencia y factores relacionados con la presencia de manifestaciones orales en pacientes con VIH/SIDA, Cali, Colombia. Colombia Médica. 2008; 39(4): 346-355
10. Greer RO Jr. Oral manifestations of smokeless tobacco use. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2011 Feb; 44(1): 31-56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.otc.2010.09.002
11. Salvado F, Nobre MA, Gomes J, Maia P. Necrotizing Sialometaplasia and Bulimia: A Case Report. Medicina (Kaunas). 2020 Apr 19; 56(4): 188. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina56040188
12. Woo SB, Lin D. Morsicatio mucosae oris--a chronic oral frictional keratosis, not a leukoplakia. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2009 Jan;67(1):140-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2008.08.040
13. Gahona Gutiérrez O, Beytía Erazo J, Pérez Lagos L, Argandoña Pozo J. Sialometaplasia necrotizante: reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura. Rev Chil Cir (Internet). 2017 Jun; 69( 3 ): 252-255. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rchic.2016.09.001
14. Rangé H, Colon P, Godart N, Kapila Y, Bouchard P. Eating disorders through the periodontal lens. Periodontol 2000. 2021 Oct; 87(1): 17-31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/prd.12391
15. GBD 2017 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 354 diseases and injuries for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet. 2018 Nov 10;392(10159):1789-1858. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32279-7 Epub 2018 Nov 8. Erratum in: Lancet. 2019 Jun 22; 393(10190): e44.
16. Axéll T. A preliminary report on prevalences of oral mucosal lesions in a Swedish population. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1975 May; 3(3): 143-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.1975.tb00296.x
17. Feng J, Zhou Z, Shen X, Wang Y, Shi L, Wang Y, Hu Y, Sun H, Liu W. Prevalence and distribution of oral mucosal lesions: a cross-sectional study in Shanghai, China. J Oral Pathol Med. 2015 Aug;44(7):490-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jop.12264
18. Al-Mobeeriek A, AlDosari AM. Prevalence of oral lesions among Saudi dental patients. Ann Saudi Med. 2009 Sep-Oct; 29(5): 365-368. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0256-4947.55166
19. Kovac-Kovacic M, Skaleric U. The prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in a population in Ljubljana, Slovenia. J Oral Pathol Med. 2000 Aug;29(7):331-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0714.2000.290707
20. Zachariah J, Mathew B, Varma NA, Iqbal AM, Pindborg JJ. Frequency of oral mucosal lesions among 5000 individuals in Trivandrum, South India. Preliminary report. J Indian Dent Assoc. 1966 Oct-Dec; 38(11): 290-294
21. Darwazeh AM, Pillai K. Prevalence of tongue lesions in 1013 Jordanian dental outpatients. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1993 Oct; 21(5): 323-324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.1993.tb00785.x
22. Ikeda N, Handa Y, Khim SP, Durward C, Axéll T, Mizuno T, Fukano H, Kawai T. Prevalence study of oral mucosal lesions in a selected Cambodian population. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1995 Feb; 23(1): 49-54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.1995.tb00197.x
23. Castellanos JL, Díaz-Guzmán L. Lesions of the oral mucosa: an epidemiological study of 23785 Mexican patients. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2008 Jan; 105(1): 79-85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tripleo.2007.01.037
24. dos Santos PJ, Bessa CF, de Aguiar MC, do Carmo MA. Cross-sectional study of oral mucosal conditions among a central Amazonian Indian community, Brazil. J Oral Pathol Med. 2004 Jan;33(1):7-12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0714.2004.00003.x
25. Albuquerque DM, Cunha JL, Roza AL, Arboleda LP, Santos-Silva AR, Lopes MA, Vargas PA, Jorge J, de Almeida OP, Abrahão AC, Agostini M, Romañach MJ. Oral pigmented lesions: a retrospective analysis from Brazil. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2021 May 1; 26(3): e284-e291. http://dx.doi.org/110.4317/medoral.24168
26. Álvarez ME, Preciado UA, Montoya MSA, Jimenez Gr, Posada A. Clinical-histopathology features of oral squamous cell carcinoma in Medellin, Colombia. Rev Cubana Estomatol. 2010; 47(1): 81-95.
27. Jiménez GR, Díaz LA. Análisis retrospectivo de 9.023 informes de patología bucal en la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia. 1972-2003. Rev Fac Odontol Univ Antioq. 2009; 17(2): 19-25.
28. Arango de Samper BE, López-Soto OP, Herrera-Serna BY. Prevalencia de lesiones orales en 2.564 casos histopatológicos de una población colombiana. Avan Odontoestomatol.2021; 37(3): 125-130.
29. Ordóñez D, Aragón N, García LS, Collazos P, Bravo LE. Cáncer oral en Santiago de Cali, Colombia: análisis poblacional de la tendencia de incidencia y mortalidad [Oral cancer in Cali, Colombia: a population-based analysis of incidence and mortality trends]. Salud Publica Mex. 2014 Sep-Oct; 56(5): 465-472
30. Ordóñez D, Aragónc N, Bravo LE. Tendencias del cáncer oral asociado con el virus del papiloma humano según sublocalizaciones en Cali, Colombia. Rev Nal de Cancerología. 2027; 21(1): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rccan.2017.02.030
31. Bravo SM, Méndez F, Clavijo GM, León ME. Prevalencia y factores relacionados con la presencia de manifestaciones orales en pacientes con VIH/SIDA, Cali, Colombia. Colombia Médica.2008; 39(4), 346-355.
32. Gupta S, Jawanda MK, Madhushankari GS. Current challenges and the diagnostic pitfalls in the grading of epithelial dysplasia in oral potentially malignant disorders: A review. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res. 2020 Oct-Dec; 10(4): 788-799. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jobcr.2020.09.005
33. Chen S, Forman M, Sadow PM, August M. The Diagnostic Accuracy of Incisional Biopsy in the Oral Cavity. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2016 May; 74(5): 959-964. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2015.11.006
34. Ercalik-Yalcinkaya S, Özcan M. Association between Oral Mucosal Lesions and Hygiene Habits in a Population of Removable Prosthesis Wearers. J Prosthodont. 2015 Jun;24(4):271-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jopr.12208
35. Patil PB, Bathi R, Chaudhari S. Prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in dental patients with tobacco smoking, chewing, and mixed habits: A cross-sectional study in South India. J Family Community Med. 2013 May; 20(2): 130-135. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2230-8229.114777
36. Sofizadeh N, Bjerkehagen B, Solheim T, Sapkota D, Søland TM. The spectrum and frequency of histopathological diagnosis of oral diseases in Oslo: Implications to oral pathology syllabus. Eur J Dent Educ. 2023 May; 27(2): 325-331. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eje.12808
37. Barrios BA, Martínez GP, Legorreta BC. Frecuencia de lesiones bucales histopatológicas en un laboratorio de patología bucal. Rev ADM. 2007; 64(2): 61-67.
2. Pinzón EM, Bravo SM, Méndez F, Clavijo GM, León ME. Prevalencia y factores relacionados con la presencia de manifestaciones orales en pacientes con VIH/SIDA, Cali, Colombia. Colombia Médica. 2008; 39(4): 346-355.
3. Shumway B, Khanal S, Trainor P, Zahin M, Ghim, SJ, Joh J, Rai S, Jenson A. Histologic Variation in High-Grade Oral Epithelial Dysplasia When Associated With High-risk Human Papillomavirus. International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics. 2016; 94. 944. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2015.12.277
4. Lerman MA, Woo SB. Histopathologic features of high risk human papillomavirus-associated oral epithelial dysplasia. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2014 Jan; 117(1): 120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oooo.2013.05.024
5. Kim E, Chung M, Jeong HS, Baek CH, Cho J. Histological features of differentiated dysplasia in the oral mucosa: a review of oral invasive squamous cell carcinoma cases diagnosed with benign or low-grade dysplasia on previous biopsies. Hum Pathol. 2022 Aug; 126: 45-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humpath.2022.05.010
6. Erbaş GS, Botsali A, Erden N, Arı C, Taşkın B, Alper S, Vural S. COVID-19-related oral mucosa lesions among confirmed SARS-CoV-2 patients: a systematic review. Int J Dermatol. 2022 Jan; 61(1): 20-32. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijd.15889
7. Jiménez GR, Diaz A. Análisis retrospectivo de 9.023 informes de patología bucal en la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia. 1972-2003. Rev Fac Odont Univ Ant; 2006; 17 (2): 19-25
8. Medina Becerra NE, Brett Figueroa MM, Betancourt Schanowski FA, Patiño Azuero JC. Frecuencia de lesiones en cavidad oral de pacientes con VIH/sida en el Hospital Universitario San Ignacio de Bogotá, Colombia (2005-2010) Univ Odontol. 30 de junio de 201; 31(66).
9. Pinzón EM, Bravo S, Méndez F, Clavijo GM, León ME. Prevalencia y factores relacionados con la presencia de manifestaciones orales en pacientes con VIH/SIDA, Cali, Colombia. Colombia Médica. 2008; 39(4): 346-355
10. Greer RO Jr. Oral manifestations of smokeless tobacco use. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2011 Feb; 44(1): 31-56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.otc.2010.09.002
11. Salvado F, Nobre MA, Gomes J, Maia P. Necrotizing Sialometaplasia and Bulimia: A Case Report. Medicina (Kaunas). 2020 Apr 19; 56(4): 188. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina56040188
12. Woo SB, Lin D. Morsicatio mucosae oris--a chronic oral frictional keratosis, not a leukoplakia. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2009 Jan;67(1):140-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2008.08.040
13. Gahona Gutiérrez O, Beytía Erazo J, Pérez Lagos L, Argandoña Pozo J. Sialometaplasia necrotizante: reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura. Rev Chil Cir (Internet). 2017 Jun; 69( 3 ): 252-255. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rchic.2016.09.001
14. Rangé H, Colon P, Godart N, Kapila Y, Bouchard P. Eating disorders through the periodontal lens. Periodontol 2000. 2021 Oct; 87(1): 17-31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/prd.12391
15. GBD 2017 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 354 diseases and injuries for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet. 2018 Nov 10;392(10159):1789-1858. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32279-7 Epub 2018 Nov 8. Erratum in: Lancet. 2019 Jun 22; 393(10190): e44.
16. Axéll T. A preliminary report on prevalences of oral mucosal lesions in a Swedish population. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1975 May; 3(3): 143-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.1975.tb00296.x
17. Feng J, Zhou Z, Shen X, Wang Y, Shi L, Wang Y, Hu Y, Sun H, Liu W. Prevalence and distribution of oral mucosal lesions: a cross-sectional study in Shanghai, China. J Oral Pathol Med. 2015 Aug;44(7):490-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jop.12264
18. Al-Mobeeriek A, AlDosari AM. Prevalence of oral lesions among Saudi dental patients. Ann Saudi Med. 2009 Sep-Oct; 29(5): 365-368. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0256-4947.55166
19. Kovac-Kovacic M, Skaleric U. The prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in a population in Ljubljana, Slovenia. J Oral Pathol Med. 2000 Aug;29(7):331-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0714.2000.290707
20. Zachariah J, Mathew B, Varma NA, Iqbal AM, Pindborg JJ. Frequency of oral mucosal lesions among 5000 individuals in Trivandrum, South India. Preliminary report. J Indian Dent Assoc. 1966 Oct-Dec; 38(11): 290-294
21. Darwazeh AM, Pillai K. Prevalence of tongue lesions in 1013 Jordanian dental outpatients. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1993 Oct; 21(5): 323-324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.1993.tb00785.x
22. Ikeda N, Handa Y, Khim SP, Durward C, Axéll T, Mizuno T, Fukano H, Kawai T. Prevalence study of oral mucosal lesions in a selected Cambodian population. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1995 Feb; 23(1): 49-54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.1995.tb00197.x
23. Castellanos JL, Díaz-Guzmán L. Lesions of the oral mucosa: an epidemiological study of 23785 Mexican patients. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2008 Jan; 105(1): 79-85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tripleo.2007.01.037
24. dos Santos PJ, Bessa CF, de Aguiar MC, do Carmo MA. Cross-sectional study of oral mucosal conditions among a central Amazonian Indian community, Brazil. J Oral Pathol Med. 2004 Jan;33(1):7-12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0714.2004.00003.x
25. Albuquerque DM, Cunha JL, Roza AL, Arboleda LP, Santos-Silva AR, Lopes MA, Vargas PA, Jorge J, de Almeida OP, Abrahão AC, Agostini M, Romañach MJ. Oral pigmented lesions: a retrospective analysis from Brazil. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2021 May 1; 26(3): e284-e291. http://dx.doi.org/110.4317/medoral.24168
26. Álvarez ME, Preciado UA, Montoya MSA, Jimenez Gr, Posada A. Clinical-histopathology features of oral squamous cell carcinoma in Medellin, Colombia. Rev Cubana Estomatol. 2010; 47(1): 81-95.
27. Jiménez GR, Díaz LA. Análisis retrospectivo de 9.023 informes de patología bucal en la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia. 1972-2003. Rev Fac Odontol Univ Antioq. 2009; 17(2): 19-25.
28. Arango de Samper BE, López-Soto OP, Herrera-Serna BY. Prevalencia de lesiones orales en 2.564 casos histopatológicos de una población colombiana. Avan Odontoestomatol.2021; 37(3): 125-130.
29. Ordóñez D, Aragón N, García LS, Collazos P, Bravo LE. Cáncer oral en Santiago de Cali, Colombia: análisis poblacional de la tendencia de incidencia y mortalidad [Oral cancer in Cali, Colombia: a population-based analysis of incidence and mortality trends]. Salud Publica Mex. 2014 Sep-Oct; 56(5): 465-472
30. Ordóñez D, Aragónc N, Bravo LE. Tendencias del cáncer oral asociado con el virus del papiloma humano según sublocalizaciones en Cali, Colombia. Rev Nal de Cancerología. 2027; 21(1): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rccan.2017.02.030
31. Bravo SM, Méndez F, Clavijo GM, León ME. Prevalencia y factores relacionados con la presencia de manifestaciones orales en pacientes con VIH/SIDA, Cali, Colombia. Colombia Médica.2008; 39(4), 346-355.
32. Gupta S, Jawanda MK, Madhushankari GS. Current challenges and the diagnostic pitfalls in the grading of epithelial dysplasia in oral potentially malignant disorders: A review. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res. 2020 Oct-Dec; 10(4): 788-799. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jobcr.2020.09.005
33. Chen S, Forman M, Sadow PM, August M. The Diagnostic Accuracy of Incisional Biopsy in the Oral Cavity. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2016 May; 74(5): 959-964. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2015.11.006
34. Ercalik-Yalcinkaya S, Özcan M. Association between Oral Mucosal Lesions and Hygiene Habits in a Population of Removable Prosthesis Wearers. J Prosthodont. 2015 Jun;24(4):271-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jopr.12208
35. Patil PB, Bathi R, Chaudhari S. Prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in dental patients with tobacco smoking, chewing, and mixed habits: A cross-sectional study in South India. J Family Community Med. 2013 May; 20(2): 130-135. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2230-8229.114777
36. Sofizadeh N, Bjerkehagen B, Solheim T, Sapkota D, Søland TM. The spectrum and frequency of histopathological diagnosis of oral diseases in Oslo: Implications to oral pathology syllabus. Eur J Dent Educ. 2023 May; 27(2): 325-331. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eje.12808
37. Barrios BA, Martínez GP, Legorreta BC. Frecuencia de lesiones bucales histopatológicas en un laboratorio de patología bucal. Rev ADM. 2007; 64(2): 61-67.
How to Cite
Noguera Oll, H. S., Orejuela Charria, Óscar F., Jaramillo, J., Mera, A., Tasamá, C., Aristizábal, D., Martínez, C., Escobar, P., & Amaya Sánchez, S. (2023). Histopathological Diagnosis of 1,978 Oral Lesions over a Period of 22 Years in Cali, Colombia. A Retrospective Study. Universitas Odontologica, 42. https://doi.org/10.11144/Javeriana.uo42.hdol
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