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Objetivo: establecer el efecto de la tibolona en la sintomatología menopáusica y la función sexual, así como la incidencia de efectos adversos, en mujeres posmenopáusicas. Material y métodos: estudio de cohorte, en 127 mujeres posmenopáusicas mayores de 40 años, con síntomas climatéricos y último período menstrual al menos 2 años antes de ingresar al estudio, con pareja estable. En una clínica privada de carácter universitario en Armenia (Quindío), Colombia, entre 2012 y 2015. Se utilizaron como instrumentos la escala de calidad de vida “Menopause Rating Scale (MRS)” y el “Índice de Función Sexual Femenino (IFSF)”. Se hizo muestreo aleatorio simple. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva. Resultados: la edad promedio fue de 56,91 ± 7,34 años. Al final del estudio se alcanzó una mejoría de la sintomatología menopáusica del 94,48 % (p<0,05), con una disminución en la puntuación de la escala MRS de 15,91 ± 3,21 a 6,18 ± 3,75 puntos (p<0,05). Las disfunciones sexuales reportaron una mejoría del 86,56 %; el IFSF pasó de 23,19 ± 6,41 puntos a 28,02 ± 6,63 (p<0,05). Los efectos adversos se hicieron presentes desde los primeros 3 meses de inicio de la terapia, siendo los más frecuentes: amenorrea (85,82 %), mastalgia (18,89 %) y edema (17,32 %). Conclusiones: La administración de tibolona tiene un positivo efecto en el tratamiento de la sintomatología de la menopausia, reduciendo tanto la cantidad como la severidad de la misma. Asociándose a franca mejoría de la función sexual, con efectos adversos leves, tolerables y transitorios. Se requieren ensayos clínicos controlados aleatorizados, sobre su eficacia y seguridad en poblaciones de mayor edad y más numerosas.
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