Consumo de suplementos de hierro, basado en las estructuras del modelo de creencias de salud, en niños de 6 a 24 meses en el sureste de Irán
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Keywords

deficiencia de hierro
modelo de creencias sobre salud
bebé
madres

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Consumo de suplementos de hierro, basado en las estructuras del modelo de creencias de salud, en niños de 6 a 24 meses en el sureste de Irán. (2024). Universitas Medica, 65. https://doi.org/10.11144/Javeriana.umed65.cshe

Abstract

Objetivo: La deficiencia de hierro es uno de los problemas comunes durante la infancia. El propósito de este estudio fue explorar el consumo de suplementos de hierro y los factores que lo afectan, según constructos del modelo de creencias sobre la salud. Metodología: En este estudio descriptivo se seleccionaron 402 madres de niños de 6 a 12 meses mediante un muestreo aleatorio polietápico. Se evaluaron mediante un cuestionario tanto el desempeño de las madres con respecto a la provisión de suplementos de hierro como el estado de las construcciones del modelo de creencias de salud. Los datos se analizaron mediante análisis de varianza, coeficiente de correlación de Pearson y pruebas de regresión lineal. Resultados: El estudio evidenció que, a pesar de una conciencia adecuada de las madres sobre la provisión de suplementos, fue desfavorable el consumo de suplementos de hierro (62,7% había reportado un desempeño bajo). La prueba de correlación de Pearson mostró que solo el puntaje de susceptibilidad percibida no mostró una relación significativa con el comportamiento (p = 0,174). Los resultados de la regresión mostraron que las variables incluidas en el modelo explicaron un total de 24,1% de la varianza del cambio en la puntuación de comportamiento (R² ajustado = 0,241). Conclusión: Dada la situación desfavorable con respecto al consumo de suplementos de hierro dados a los bebés, el uso la teoría de creencias sobre la salud puede ser efectivo para persuadir a las madres. Las enfermeras de salud comunitaria pueden tener más éxito en mejorar este índice, proporcionando una intervención educativa basada en las estructuras de este modelo, especialmente porque ayudaría a eliminar las barreras percibidas por las madres.

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