Epigenetic Control of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1555-6661
Beatriz Andrea Otálora
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5668-0266
Daniel Mauricio González
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8225-4394
Litzy Gisella Bermúdez
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6563-7067
Christian Fernando Montoya
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3961-1434
Andrea Valderrama
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1996-813X
Oñate Cristina
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2891-2365
Ana Cathalina Castillo
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8946-5346
Nicolás Niederbacher
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5070-8742
María José Pinzón
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1051-6356
Carlos Camero
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5650-6471
Francisco Javier García
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4492-3440
Diana Marcela Grajales
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8831-4498
Alejandra Cañas, Dr
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0104-4107
Adriana Patricia Rojas
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0358-7081
Paula Andrea Sánchez Velásquez
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The mesenchymal epithelial transition (EMT) process allows a temporal epithelial cell to acquire a mesenchymal phenotype in response to an internal or external stimulus. This process is characterized by the activation and repression of genes involved in different signaling pathways associated with migration, invasion and apoptosis. In this process epigenetics plays a fundamental role. Epigenetics comprises four mechanisms: DNA methylation, covalent modification of histones, non-coding RNA (mRNA) and chromatin-remodeling complexes, which regulate the expression of a gene without altering its sequence. In this review, the authors describe the main epigenetic mechanisms involved in the regulation of the expression of genes that are activated and repressed concomitantly in the three phases of the EMT process: non-migratory phase, premigratory phase and migratory phase.