Publicado abr 10, 2019



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Maria Lucia Gutierrez Gómez

Camilo Andrés Calixto Nuñez

Ana María Gómez

Valentina Lugo Mesa

Maria Margarita García Guete

Nicolás Vivas Ramírez

Maria De la Paz Andrade Moreno

Juan Pablo Bejarano Rodríguez

Natalia Moros Martín

Camila Andrea Farfan Robles

Maria Beatriz Daza Daza

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Resumen

El propósito de este artículo es explicar, de manera simple, la transcripción de la información codificada en el ADN a un intermediario conocido como RNA mensajero, mediante la expresión génica diferencial. La importancia de este proceso radica en que a pesar de tener todas las células del organismo el mismo genoma, éstas alcanzan diferentes funciones por medio de la activación selectiva de genes, sea en estados fisiológicos o patológicos. Lo anterior inicia gracias a eventos epigenéticos, donde se permite tener acceso al ADN, mediante modificaciones de las histonas. Es así que la secuencia de ADN puede ser leída de múltiples maneras para obtener una gran variedad de proteínas necesarias para el organismo. A partir de lo anterior, se busca facilitar el entendimiento crítico del progreso que ha venido surgiendo en este campo. En las últimas décadas se han generado avances importantes en cuanto a la comprensión del genoma y su constitución. Gracias a esto, se han desarrollado investigaciones que buscan determinar las aplicaciones clínicas de los procesos involucrados en la expresión génica diferencial, de manera que se pueda fomentar una mejor comprensión de las enfermedades comunes, posibles tratamientos y métodos diagnósticos para realizar un mejor abordaje de las mismas.

Keywords

Epigenomics, Gene Expression, Transcription factors, Methylation, AcetylationEpigenómica, Expresión Génica, Factores de Transcripción, Metilación, Acetilación

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Cómo citar
Gutierrez Gómez, M. L., Calixto Nuñez, C. A., Gómez, A. M., Mesa, V. L., García Guete, M. M., Vivas Ramírez, N., Andrade Moreno, M. D. la P., Bejarano Rodríguez, J. P., Moros Martín, N., Farfan Robles, C. A., & Daza Daza, M. B. (2019). Más allá de las moléculas.lo que los clínicos desconocen: Acortando brechas. Universitas Medica, 60(2), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.11144/Javeriana.umed60-2.mole
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