Palabras clave
Rendimiento escolar
Evaluación del estudiante
Valor agregado
Cómo citar
Resumen
Esta investigación presenta un modelo para analizar y predecir el rendimiento en habilidades de razonamiento cuantitativo en estudiantes de ingeniería en Colombia. La población estudiada incluyó a 12 411 estudiantes de ingeniería para el año 2020. Se utilizaron como variables de entrada las competencias en matemáticas, ciencias, inglés, lectura y sociales obtenidas en la prueba estandarizada SABER 11, mientras que la variable de respuesta fue el desempeño en razonamiento cuantitativo de la prueba SABER PRO. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo considerando las variables de género, régimen del colegio y situación laboral de los estudiantes. Posteriormente, se implementó un modelo de random forest, identificando que las competencias en matemáticas y biología son las de mayor impacto parcial en la predicción del desempeño en razonamiento cuantitativo. El modelo predictivo alcanzó un RMSE de 10,95 y un R² de 69 %, demostrando su capacidad para pronosticar de manera efectiva el rendimiento en esta competencia clave.
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Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
Derechos de autor 2025 Enrique Delahoz-Dominguez, Rohemi Zuluaga-Ortiz, Carlos García-Yerena