Conceptos básicos de la Teoría Funcional de la Cognición y algunas de sus aplicaciones
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La vida cotidiana demanda la toma de juicios o decisiones constantes. Algunas de esas decisiones pueden ser más o menos complejas dependiendo de factores éticos, sociales, históricos y políticos del contexto social y, de la interacción de estos factores en los sujetos que juzgan. El objetivo de este artículo es exponer cómo la Teoría Funcional de la Cognición permite hacer un análisis detallado del proceso cognitivo de toma de decisión, en el que operan: la valoración de los estímulos, la integración de la representación psicológica de esos estímulos y finalmente, la respuesta explícita. Este proceso de juicio cumple con tres reglas: adición, multiplicación y promedio, que permiten observar las funciones que se generan entre los factores implicados en las decisiones y la emisión de un juicio. Esta teoría tiene importantes aplicaciones en las áreas de la psicología clínica y de salud, la psicología política, la psicología del deporte y la psicología del desarrollo, áreas en las cuáles el artículo presenta los hallazgos más relevantes.
cognitive rules, judgment, attitudes, information integrationReglas cognitivas, juicios, actitudes, integración de la información
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