Publicado oct 28, 2020



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Suad Siuffi Campo https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5357-0005

Natalia Jiménez Cardozo http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7206-499X

Alejandro Herrera Trujillo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9775-9405

Lina Vanessa Becerra Hernández https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4468-6716

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Resumen

Teniendo en cuenta la alta incidencia y prevalencia del Trauma Craneoencefálico (TCE) en nuestro medio y reconociendo la epilepsia como una de las secuelas más comunes posteriores al trauma, es importante conocer cuáles son los medicamentos que tienen alta efectividad clínica en la terapia profiláctica para la prevención de la misma. El objetivo de este artículo es realizar una revisión de tema de acuerdo a lo publicado en la literatura reciente. La búsqueda se realizó en las bases de datos Pubmed, Uptodate y Scielo. Los fármacos de elección para las crisis epilépticas postraumáticas son los anticonvulsivantes. Se revisaron datos sobre la efectividad profiláctica de otros grupos farmacológicos, sin resultados actuales que apoyen su uso en la clínica. Se concluyó que las crisis epilépticas son una de las complicaciones más frecuentes después de sufrir un TCE y la literatura reporta que la terapia profiláctica es útil para la prevención de crisis epilépticas tempranas pero no hay consenso sobre la diferencia en cuanto a la efectividad entre fármacos anticonvulsivantes. El Levetiracetam tiene evidencia a favor tanto por su efectividad como por su seguridad, por lo que debe estudiarse a profundidad, pues sería uno de los candidatos como fármaco antiepileptogénico.

Keywords

Traumatiscos craneoencéfalicos, Epilepsia postraumática, Crisis tempranas, Terapia farmacológica, mecanismos de acción, Profilaxis

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Cómo citar
Siuffi Campo, S., Jiménez Cardozo, N., Herrera Trujillo, A., & Becerra Hernández, L. V. (2020). Profilaxis farmacológica de crisis epilépticas postraumáticas tempranas. Universitas Medica, 61(4). https://doi.org/10.11144/Javeriana.umed61-4.prof
Sección
Artículos de revisión