Publicado ene 30, 2023



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Tania Guerra Gonzalez

Luis Eduardo Nieto

Daniel Cardona

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Resumen

La lesión por isquemia-reperfusión ocurre cuando un tejido reperfunde después de periodos de isquemia, sobre todo después de infarto de miocardio, accidente cerebrovascular, trasplantes, cirugía cardiovascular y microcirugía. Los avances en su manejo han creado una oportunidad para que los microcirujanos apliquen estos tratamientos a colgajos libres, tejidos reimplantados y alotransplantes de tejidos compuestos, ya que este tipo de lesión es responsable de la pérdida parcial o total de tejidos en procedimientos microquirúrgicos y lleva a una mayor morbilidad, hospitalización prolongada y aumento de los costos en atención. Los principales mecanismos de lesión identificados implican interacciones leucocitos-endotelio, especies reactivas de oxígeno y el sistema del complemento. Sin embargo, se ha evidenciado que estos sistemas biológicos fundamentales están controlados por muchas vías interrelacionadas. Los esfuerzos terapéuticos actuales se dirigen a la utilización de la hipotermia, el lavado intrarterial y el preacondicionamiento tisular. En este artículo se brinda una actualización de la investigación reciente sobre isquemia-reperfusión en microcirugía, a fin de conocer más de su fisiopatología, su prevención e implicaciones clínicas potenciales de las intervenciones terapéuticas para reducir las lesiones celulares.

Keywords

colgajos libres, lesión isquemia reperfusión, colgajos, apoptosis, necrosis, microcirugíaischemia reperfusion injury, free flaps, skin flap, cell apoptosis, necrosis, microsurgery

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Cómo citar
Guerra Gonzalez, T., Nieto, L. E., & Cardona, D. (2023). Síndrome de isquemia-reperfusión en microcirugía. Universitas Medica, 64(1). https://doi.org/10.11144/Javeriana.umed64-1.isqu
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