Fetal death syndrome: could it be prevented?
Published
Dec 10, 2009
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Abstract
Fetal death syndrome is one third of all fetal and infant mortality by over 50% of all perinatal deaths in developed countries. The causes of fetal death are rarely reported and most of them are unknown. This article intends to review and to understand the pathophysiology of the entity, to assess risk factors and to try to give our patients the possibility of a successful pregnancy.
A review the literature was made according to the PubMed database, EBSCO, Proquest and Ovid from 2000 to 2008.
Despite the significant decrease in fetal deaths in the last decades, fetal death syndrome remains a serious public health problem not only because it is a prevalent condition, but by underreporting and the lack of reliable reporting
Keywords
Fetal death, fetal demise, stillbirth, Muerte fetal anteparto, óbito fetal, mortalidad perinatal,
References
1. Molina-Giraldo S, Alfonso DA. Vigilancia fetal anteparto. Texto de
perinatología y neonatologia. Bogotá, Colombia. Organización Mundial de la
Salud (en prensa).
2. Gribbin C, James D. Assessing fetal health. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet
Gynaecol. 2004;18:411-24.
3. Filkins, Karen; Koos, Brian J. Ultrasound and fetal diagnosis Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2005 April; 17(2):185-95.
4. Jones N, Bugg G, Gribbin C, Raine-Fernning N. Assessing fetal health.
Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine. 2008;18:145-9.
5. Smith G. Estimating risks of perinatal death. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2005
Jan;192(1):17-22. Review.
6. Smith G, Fretts R. Stillbirth. Lancet. 2007;370:1715-25.
7. Silver RM, Varner MW, Reddy U, Goldenberg R, Pinar H, Conway D,
Bukowski R, Carpenter M, Hogue C, Willinger M, Dudley D, Saade G, Stoll
B. Work-up of stillbirth: A review of the evidence. Am J Obstet Gynecol.
2007 May;196(5):433-44.
8. Fretts R. Etiology and prevention of stillbirth. Am J Obstet Gynecol.
2005;193:1923-35.
9. Martin J, Hoyert D. The National Fetal Death File. Semin Perinatol. 2002;
26:3-11.
10. Vergani P, Cozzolino S, Pozzi E, Cuttin MS, Greco M, Ornaghi S, Lucchini V. Identifying the causes of stillbirth; a comparison of 4 classification systems. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2008;199:319. E1-319.
11. Kean L. Intrauterine fetal death. Curr Obstet Gynaecol. 2006;16:199-205.
12. Elamin S, Langhoff-Roos J, Boedker B, Ibrahim SA, Ashmeig AL, Lindmark G. Classification of perinatal death in a developing country. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2003;80:327-33.
13. Galan-Roosen A, Kuijpers J, van der Satraaten P, Merkus J. Eur J Obstet Gynecol. 2002;103:30-6.
14. Gardosi J, Francis A, Cnattingius S. Stillbirth and fetal growth restriction at preterm and term gestations in singleton pregnancies: a multivariate analysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2003;189:
S158.
15. Cnattingius S, Stephansson O. The epidemiology of stillbirth. Semin Perinatol. 2002;26:25-30.
16. Gardosi J, Badger S, Tonks A, Francis A. ‘‘Unexplained’’ stillbirths: An investigation of the clinically relevant conditions at the time of fetal death. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2003;189:S158.
17. Kady S, Gardosi J. Perinatal mortality and fetal growth restriction. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2004;18: 397-410.
18. Grafe M, Kinney H. Neuropathology associated with stillbirth. Semin Perinatol. 2002;26:83-8.
19. Ongu S, Danielian P. Unexplained stillbirths: Are they preventable? Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2000;69:159-61.
20. Simpson L. Maternal medical disease: risk of antepartum fetal death. Semin Perinatol. 2002;26:42-50.
21. Weeks J, Asrat T, Morgan M, Nageotte BM, Thomas SJ, Freeman RK. Antepartum surveillance for a history of stillbirth: when to begin? Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1995;172:486-92.
22. Reddy U, Ko CW, Willinger M. maternal age and the risk of stillbirth throughout pregnancy in the United States. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2006;195: 764-70.
23. Molina-Giraldo S. Circulares de cordón: un dilema obstétrico. Controversias en ginecología y obstetricia. 2006;16:2680-95.
24. Collins J. Umbilical cord accidents: human studies. Seminars in Perinatology. 2002;26:79-82.
25. Bateman B, Simpson L. Higher rate of stillbirth at the extremes of reproductive age: a large nationwide sample of deliveries in The United States. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2006;194:840-5.
26. Fifer W, Myers M. Sudden fetal and infant deaths: shared characteristics and distinctive features. Semin Perinatol. 2002;26:89-96.
27. Gibbs R. The origins of stillbirth: infectious diseases. Semin Perinatol. 2002;26:75-8.
28. Yee Khong T. The placenta in stillbirth. Current Diagnostic Pathology. 2006;12:161-72.
perinatología y neonatologia. Bogotá, Colombia. Organización Mundial de la
Salud (en prensa).
2. Gribbin C, James D. Assessing fetal health. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet
Gynaecol. 2004;18:411-24.
3. Filkins, Karen; Koos, Brian J. Ultrasound and fetal diagnosis Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2005 April; 17(2):185-95.
4. Jones N, Bugg G, Gribbin C, Raine-Fernning N. Assessing fetal health.
Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine. 2008;18:145-9.
5. Smith G. Estimating risks of perinatal death. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2005
Jan;192(1):17-22. Review.
6. Smith G, Fretts R. Stillbirth. Lancet. 2007;370:1715-25.
7. Silver RM, Varner MW, Reddy U, Goldenberg R, Pinar H, Conway D,
Bukowski R, Carpenter M, Hogue C, Willinger M, Dudley D, Saade G, Stoll
B. Work-up of stillbirth: A review of the evidence. Am J Obstet Gynecol.
2007 May;196(5):433-44.
8. Fretts R. Etiology and prevention of stillbirth. Am J Obstet Gynecol.
2005;193:1923-35.
9. Martin J, Hoyert D. The National Fetal Death File. Semin Perinatol. 2002;
26:3-11.
10. Vergani P, Cozzolino S, Pozzi E, Cuttin MS, Greco M, Ornaghi S, Lucchini V. Identifying the causes of stillbirth; a comparison of 4 classification systems. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2008;199:319. E1-319.
11. Kean L. Intrauterine fetal death. Curr Obstet Gynaecol. 2006;16:199-205.
12. Elamin S, Langhoff-Roos J, Boedker B, Ibrahim SA, Ashmeig AL, Lindmark G. Classification of perinatal death in a developing country. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2003;80:327-33.
13. Galan-Roosen A, Kuijpers J, van der Satraaten P, Merkus J. Eur J Obstet Gynecol. 2002;103:30-6.
14. Gardosi J, Francis A, Cnattingius S. Stillbirth and fetal growth restriction at preterm and term gestations in singleton pregnancies: a multivariate analysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2003;189:
S158.
15. Cnattingius S, Stephansson O. The epidemiology of stillbirth. Semin Perinatol. 2002;26:25-30.
16. Gardosi J, Badger S, Tonks A, Francis A. ‘‘Unexplained’’ stillbirths: An investigation of the clinically relevant conditions at the time of fetal death. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2003;189:S158.
17. Kady S, Gardosi J. Perinatal mortality and fetal growth restriction. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2004;18: 397-410.
18. Grafe M, Kinney H. Neuropathology associated with stillbirth. Semin Perinatol. 2002;26:83-8.
19. Ongu S, Danielian P. Unexplained stillbirths: Are they preventable? Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2000;69:159-61.
20. Simpson L. Maternal medical disease: risk of antepartum fetal death. Semin Perinatol. 2002;26:42-50.
21. Weeks J, Asrat T, Morgan M, Nageotte BM, Thomas SJ, Freeman RK. Antepartum surveillance for a history of stillbirth: when to begin? Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1995;172:486-92.
22. Reddy U, Ko CW, Willinger M. maternal age and the risk of stillbirth throughout pregnancy in the United States. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2006;195: 764-70.
23. Molina-Giraldo S. Circulares de cordón: un dilema obstétrico. Controversias en ginecología y obstetricia. 2006;16:2680-95.
24. Collins J. Umbilical cord accidents: human studies. Seminars in Perinatology. 2002;26:79-82.
25. Bateman B, Simpson L. Higher rate of stillbirth at the extremes of reproductive age: a large nationwide sample of deliveries in The United States. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2006;194:840-5.
26. Fifer W, Myers M. Sudden fetal and infant deaths: shared characteristics and distinctive features. Semin Perinatol. 2002;26:89-96.
27. Gibbs R. The origins of stillbirth: infectious diseases. Semin Perinatol. 2002;26:75-8.
28. Yee Khong T. The placenta in stillbirth. Current Diagnostic Pathology. 2006;12:161-72.
How to Cite
Molina, S., & Alfonso, D. A. (2009). Fetal death syndrome: could it be prevented?. Universitas Medica, 51(1), 59–73. https://doi.org/10.11144/Javeriana.umed51-1.mfae
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Reviews