Palavras-chave
aorta descendente
enfermedades de la aorta
aneurisma de la aorta
procedimientos endovasculares
Como Citar
Resumo
Introducción: El reparo endovascular de la aorta torácica (REVAT) se ha incrementado en el mundo en los últimos años con relación al abierto.
Objetivo: Comparar los resultados clínicos del REVAT frente al reparo abierto en la Fundación Cardio Infantil (Bogotá, Colombia) entre 2002 y 2011.
Metodología: Análisis retrospectivo de la cohorte de pacientes sometidos a reparo abierto (grupo 1) en comparación de REVAT (grupo 2). En cada uno de los grupos se evaluó tiempo quirúrgico, tasa de morbilidad, mortalidad, reintervención y estancia hospitalaria.
Resultados: Se incluyeron 57 pacientes en el análisis (26 % reparo abierto; 74 % REVAT). Se reintervinieron dos pacientes por endofugas tipo 1 en el grupo 2 y un caso por sangrado en el grupo 1. La mortalidad operatoria fue para el grupo 1 de 20 %, y para el grupo 2, de 2,3 %. El tiempo quirúrgico fue de 398 ± 180 min (grupo 1) versus 85,5 ± 35 min (grupo 2 (p = 0,0001) y el tiempo de estancia hospitalaria promedio fue de 9,8 días (grupo 1) y 5,3 días (grupo 2) [p = 0,01]). El tiempo promedio de seguimiento fue 4,8 ± 3,1 años.
Conclusiones: El REVAT parece ofrecer menor morbilidad, mortalidad, tiempo quirúrgico y estancia hospitalaria respecto al reparo abierto, aunque las poblaciones de pacientes incluidos no fueron estrictamente comparables. Se requieren nuevos análisis en un diseño prospectivo, idealmente aleatorizado para documentar los beneficios a largo plazo de este tipo de reparo.
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