Concentración de α-amilasa salival en niños con diferentes índices de caries / Salivary α-Amylase Concentration in Children with Different Caries Indexes
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Antecedentes: La a-amilasa salival humana (AASH) es la proteína más abundante en la saliva; tiene varias funciones que la hacen especial desde el punto de vista cariogénico, por lo cual puede estar relacionada con el índice de caries. Propósito: Determinar las diferencias en la concentración de AASH en niños con diferentes índices de caries. Métodos: Se obtuvieron muestras de saliva de 100 niños que se clasificaron dentro de cuatro de las siete categorías del Sistema Internacional de Valoración y Detección de Caries (ICDAS), con 25 individuos por grupo: sanos, opacidad blanca, microcavidad y cavidad extensa. Se determinó la cantidad total de proteína por el método de Bradford y la concentración AASH por medio de la técnica de Elisa indirecta. Los valores obtenidos de proteína total y AASH fueron analizados por medio del software Stata versión 9.2. Resultados: Al comparar las medias de la concentración de proteína total en los cuatro grupos de estudio, no hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas. Los promedios de la concentración de AASH en tres de los cuatro grupos: sanos, microcavidad y opacidad blanca, no presentaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas. En el grupo de cavidad extensa, este valor fue menor, diferencia que fue estadísticamente significativa con respecto a los otros tres grupos. Conclusión: La menor concentración de AASH en el grupo con cavidad extensa posiblemente indica que, dada la redundancia funcional de esta enzima, la protección de las superficies orales es de mayor importancia.
Background: Human salivary a-amylase (HSAA) is the most abundant protein in saliva, has several functions that make it of special interest from a cariogenic point of view, thus may be related to the caries indexes. Purpose: Determine the differences according to the quantified amounts of HSAA in the saliva of children with different caries indexes. Methods: Salivary samples were obtained via spontaneous salivation from a total of 100 children, who were assigned into four groups (n=25 each) according to four categories of the International Caries Detection & Assessment System (ICDAS): sound, white opacity, microcavity and extensive cavity. The total quantity of protein present in each of the samples was determined through the Bradford Method and the concentration of HSAA was determined by an indirect ELISA technique. Non-parametric statistical was perform with Stata 9.2 software. Results: Non-significant statistical differences for variable total protein in the four groups were found. The concentration of HSAA showed statistically significant differences between groups of individuals with white opacity and extensive cavities, microcavity and extensive cavity, and sound and extensive cavity. Conclusions: The findings suggest that from the different functions identified for HSAA, protection of the tooth surfaces has a major relevance.
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