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The human neuronal development requires a number of concrete steps which lead to orientation, regulation and differentiation of several brain components. They must be done to guarantee, in a very precise way, the correct organization and functioning of the neuronal structures. Neurogenesis is commonly divided into four consecutive stages: proliferation, migration, differentiation and maturation. In humans, those stages take place since the third week of prenatal life until the adult life. They also require a complex group of genetic packs and associated molecular factors, most of which have been recently discovered by the molecular biology technology. A review was made about the human neuronal and embryological development and the most relevant genetic components described by the literature so far.
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